ATI LPN
ATI PN Comprehensive Predictor 2020
1. A nurse is caring for a client who is scheduled for surgery in the morning. The nurse learns that the client has decided not to have surgery even though they have already signed the informed consent form. Which of the following actions should the nurse take?
- A. Ignore the client's decision and proceed
- B. Report the situation to the provider
- C. Ask the family to convince the client
- D. Reassess the need for surgery with the client
Correct answer: B
Rationale: The correct action for the nurse to take is to report the client's decision to the provider who obtained informed consent. This ensures that the provider is informed of the client's change in decision and can discuss the situation further with the client. Choice A is incorrect as ignoring the client's decision is not appropriate and goes against the principles of patient autonomy. Choice C is incorrect because involving the family in convincing the client can be coercive and may not respect the client's autonomy. Choice D is incorrect because the nurse should not re-sign the informed consent form without the client's consent and a discussion with the provider.
2. A client who is at 38 weeks of gestation and has a history of hepatitis C asks the nurse if she will be able to breastfeed. Which of the following responses by the nurse is appropriate?
- A. You may breastfeed unless your nipples are cracked or bleeding.
- B. You must use a breast pump to provide breast milk.
- C. You must use a nipple shield when breastfeeding.
- D. You may breastfeed after your baby develops antibodies.
Correct answer: A
Rationale: The correct response is A: 'You may breastfeed unless your nipples are cracked or bleeding.' In the case of hepatitis C, breastfeeding is generally safe unless the mother's nipples are cracked or bleeding, which could increase the risk of transmission to the baby. Choice B is incorrect as using a breast pump is not a mandatory requirement for breastfeeding with hepatitis C. Choice C is incorrect as a nipple shield is not necessary in this situation. Choice D is incorrect because the baby developing antibodies does not impact the decision to breastfeed in the context of hepatitis C.
3. A community health nurse is helping to reinforce teaching about hepatitis A with a group of employees at a childcare facility. Which of the following characteristics should the nurse identify as an external factor that can impede learning for the participants?
- A. High workload
- B. Limited knowledge on the subject
- C. Poor lighting
- D. Limited space in the learning area
Correct answer: C
Rationale: The correct answer is C: 'Poor lighting.' External factors such as lighting can significantly impact the learning environment, making it difficult for participants to engage effectively. Poor lighting can strain the eyes, cause discomfort, and lead to decreased concentration. Choices A, B, and D are internal factors or issues that are not directly related to the learning environment. High workload, limited knowledge on the subject, and limited space in the learning area may affect learning differently but do not impede learning through external factors like poor lighting does.
4. A healthcare professional is collecting data from a client who is experiencing post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD). Which of the following manifestations should the healthcare professional expect?
- A. Hyperactivity
- B. Hypervigilance
- C. Restlessness
- D. Avoidance of social situations
Correct answer: B
Rationale: Hypervigilance is a common manifestation of PTSD characterized by heightened alertness and fear of danger. This heightened state of awareness can lead to irritability, difficulty concentrating, and sleep disturbances. Choices A, C, and D are incorrect. Hyperactivity is not typically associated with PTSD; restlessness may be present but is not the primary manifestation, and avoidance of social situations is more commonly seen in conditions like social anxiety disorder rather than PTSD.
5. What are the key signs of increased intracranial pressure (ICP) that a nurse should monitor for?
- A. Monitor for changes in level of consciousness
- B. Check for pupil dilation
- C. Assess for bradycardia
- D. Monitor for vomiting
Correct answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A: 'Monitor for changes in the level of consciousness.' Key signs of increased intracranial pressure (ICP) include changes in the level of consciousness and pupil dilation. Assessing for bradycardia and monitoring for vomiting are not typically considered primary signs of increased ICP. While bradycardia and vomiting can occur with increased ICP, they are not as specific or sensitive as changes in consciousness and pupil dilation.
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