ATI LPN
ATI PN Comprehensive Predictor 2020
1. A healthcare provider is providing discharge instructions to a client with home oxygen. What is the most important safety consideration?
- A. Restrict fluid intake while using oxygen
- B. Ensure oxygen tanks are kept upright and away from heat sources
- C. Allow family members to smoke in designated areas
- D. Store oxygen tanks in a closet when not in use
Correct answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is to ensure oxygen tanks are kept upright and away from heat sources. This is crucial to prevent any potential fire hazard, as oxygen supports combustion. Restricting fluid intake while using oxygen (choice A) is not necessary for oxygen safety. Allowing family members to smoke in designated areas (choice C) poses a significant fire risk. Storing oxygen tanks in a closet when not in use (choice D) is unsafe because proper ventilation is needed to prevent oxygen accumulation.
2. A client is postoperative following a rhinoplasty, and a nurse is contributing to the plan of care. Which of the following interventions should the nurse recommend?
- A. Administer humidified oxygen
- B. Restrict fluids
- C. Instruct the client to avoid the Valsalva maneuver
- D. Apply heat packs to the nose
Correct answer: C
Rationale: Instructing the client to avoid the Valsalva maneuver is crucial after rhinoplasty to reduce strain and the risk of bleeding. Administering humidified oxygen may not be directly related to postoperative care for rhinoplasty. Restricting fluids is not typically necessary unless specifically indicated by the healthcare provider. Applying heat packs to the nose is contraindicated after rhinoplasty as it can increase the risk of bleeding and should be avoided.
3. A client who is at 38 weeks of gestation and has a history of hepatitis C asks the nurse if she will be able to breastfeed. Which of the following responses by the nurse is appropriate?
- A. You may breastfeed unless your nipples are cracked or bleeding.
- B. You must use a breast pump to provide breast milk.
- C. You must use a nipple shield when breastfeeding.
- D. You may breastfeed after your baby develops antibodies.
Correct answer: A
Rationale: The correct response is A: 'You may breastfeed unless your nipples are cracked or bleeding.' In the case of hepatitis C, breastfeeding is generally safe unless the mother's nipples are cracked or bleeding, which could increase the risk of transmission to the baby. Choice B is incorrect as using a breast pump is not a mandatory requirement for breastfeeding with hepatitis C. Choice C is incorrect as a nipple shield is not necessary in this situation. Choice D is incorrect because the baby developing antibodies does not impact the decision to breastfeed in the context of hepatitis C.
4. What are the key signs of hyperkalemia and how should it be treated?
- A. Elevated potassium levels, muscle weakness; administer calcium gluconate
- B. Decreased potassium levels, confusion; administer potassium chloride
- C. Elevated sodium levels, bradycardia; administer sodium bicarbonate
- D. Low sodium levels, muscle cramps; administer sodium chloride
Correct answer: A
Rationale: The correct signs of hyperkalemia include elevated potassium levels and muscle weakness. The treatment involves administering calcium gluconate to help stabilize the heart. Choice B is incorrect as hyperkalemia is characterized by elevated, not decreased, potassium levels. Choice C is incorrect as hyperkalemia does not involve elevated sodium levels, and the treatment is not sodium bicarbonate. Choice D is incorrect as hyperkalemia does not lead to low sodium levels, and sodium chloride is not the treatment for hyperkalemia.
5. A client has a prescription for ranitidine 150 mg PO BID. Available is ranitidine syrup 15 mg/mL. How many mL should the nurse administer each day?
- A. 20 mL
- B. 15 mL
- C. 25 mL
- D. 10 mL
Correct answer: A
Rationale: To administer a total of 300 mg daily (150 mg PO BID), the nurse should give 20 mL of the syrup. This is calculated by dividing the total daily dose (300 mg) by the concentration of the syrup (15 mg/mL), which equals 20 mL. Choice B (15 mL), C (25 mL), and D (10 mL) are incorrect because they do not accurately calculate the required volume of syrup needed to deliver the prescribed dose.
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