ATI LPN
LPN Pharmacology Questions
1. A client is taking levothyroxine for hypothyroidism. Which of the following findings should indicate to the healthcare provider that the client is experiencing levothyroxine toxicity?
- A. Weight loss
- B. Insomnia
- C. Heat intolerance
- D. Dry skin
Correct answer: C
Rationale: Heat intolerance is a hallmark sign of levothyroxine toxicity. It indicates that the client may be receiving an excessive dose of levothyroxine, leading to hyperthyroid symptoms. This can happen when the dosage is too high, causing the body to have an excess of thyroid hormone. Weight loss is a common symptom of hyperthyroidism but alone does not specifically indicate levothyroxine toxicity. Insomnia can be related to hyperthyroidism but is not a specific sign of levothyroxine toxicity. Dry skin is more commonly associated with hypothyroidism rather than levothyroxine toxicity.
2. A client diagnosed with hypertension requires lifestyle changes. What change should the nurse emphasize?
- A. Increase intake of high-fat foods
- B. Reduce sodium intake
- C. Reduce intake of dairy products
- D. Increase intake of high-protein foods
Correct answer: B
Rationale: Reducing sodium intake is crucial for managing hypertension as excess sodium can lead to increased blood pressure. High-fat foods (Choice A) are not recommended as they can contribute to heart issues. While dairy products (Choice C) should be consumed in moderation, they are not specifically targeted in hypertension management. High-protein foods (Choice D) are not the priority; rather, reducing sodium intake takes precedence due to its direct impact on blood pressure levels.
3. Which therapeutic intervention is most appropriate for a patient diagnosed with dissociative amnesia?
- A. Cognitive-behavioral therapy
- B. Hypnotherapy
- C. Electroconvulsive therapy
- D. Pharmacotherapy
Correct answer: B
Rationale: Hypnotherapy is the most appropriate therapeutic intervention for a patient diagnosed with dissociative amnesia. This approach aims to help the patient recover lost memories in a controlled environment, allowing them to process and integrate their memories effectively. Hypnotherapy can assist in uncovering and addressing the underlying issues contributing to dissociative amnesia. Cognitive-behavioral therapy focuses on changing negative patterns of thinking or behavior and may not directly address memory recovery. Electroconvulsive therapy is typically used for severe depression or certain mental disorders, not dissociative amnesia. Pharmacotherapy involves medication and is not the primary intervention for dissociative amnesia.
4. A client with diabetes is experiencing hyperglycemia. What is the nurse's priority?
- A. Administer insulin
- B. Encourage the client to exercise to lower blood glucose
- C. Encourage the client to drink water
- D. Administer glucagon
Correct answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is to administer insulin. In hyperglycemia, there is an excess of glucose in the blood, which needs to be lowered. Insulin is the primary medication used to lower blood glucose levels by facilitating the uptake of glucose into cells. Encouraging the client to exercise may further increase blood glucose levels due to the release of stress hormones, so it is not the priority. While staying hydrated is important, it will not directly address the high blood glucose levels seen in hyperglycemia. Glucagon is used to treat severe hypoglycemia, not hyperglycemia, so it is not the priority in this situation.
5. Which of the following statements regarding pediatric anatomy is correct?
- A. The child's trachea is more rigid and less prone to collapse.
- B. The occiput is proportionately larger when compared to an adult.
- C. Airway obstruction is common in children due to their large uvula.
- D. Relative to the overall size of the airway, a child's epiglottis is smaller.
Correct answer: B
Rationale: The occiput, the back part of the head, is proportionately larger in children compared to adults, which can have implications for airway management techniques. This anatomical difference is important to consider when providing care to pediatric patients, especially during airway interventions.
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