ATI LPN
PN ATI Capstone Proctored Comprehensive Assessment B Quizlet
1. A nurse is caring for a client who has a prescription for vancomycin 1 g IV every 12 hours. The client is scheduled to have the morning dose at 0700. The nurse should schedule the trough level to be drawn at which of the following times?
- A. 2100
- B. 900
- C. 1300
- D. 1800
Correct answer: D
Rationale: The trough level of vancomycin should be drawn just before the next dose is administered, typically about 30 minutes before the scheduled dose. Since the morning dose is at 0700, the trough level should be drawn at 1800. This timing ensures an accurate measurement of the lowest concentration of the drug in the client's system before the next dose is given. Choice A (2100) is too close to the next dose, choice B (900) is too early, and choice C (1300) is also too far from the next dose.
2. Which mineral helps strengthen tooth enamel and prevent dental caries?
- A. Calcium
- B. Phosphorus
- C. Fluoride
- D. Zinc
Correct answer: C
Rationale: The correct answer is C, Fluoride. Fluoride is a mineral known for its ability to strengthen tooth enamel and prevent dental caries. While calcium (Choice A) is essential for strong bones and teeth, it is not specifically known for preventing dental caries. Phosphorus (Choice B) is crucial for bone health but is not directly associated with preventing dental caries. Zinc (Choice D) is not typically recognized for strengthening tooth enamel or preventing dental caries.
3. A nurse is reviewing the medical record of a client with dementia. Which of the following findings should the nurse address first?
- A. Psychosocial stressors
- B. Restlessness and agitation
- C. Frequent wandering at night
- D. Urinary incontinence
Correct answer: B
Rationale: In clients with dementia, restlessness and agitation are important symptoms that the nurse should address first. These symptoms can indicate underlying issues such as pain, discomfort, or unmet needs, and addressing them promptly can prevent complications. Psychosocial stressors may contribute to the client's condition but should not be the initial priority. Frequent wandering at night and urinary incontinence are also common in dementia but do not pose immediate risks compared to restlessness and agitation.
4. What are the nursing priorities for a patient experiencing an asthma exacerbation?
- A. Administer a bronchodilator
- B. Encourage deep breathing
- C. Provide oxygen therapy
- D. Monitor oxygen saturation
Correct answer: A
Rationale: The correct nursing priority for a patient experiencing an asthma exacerbation is to administer a bronchodilator. Bronchodilators help in relieving bronchoconstriction and improving breathing. While encouraging deep breathing, providing oxygen therapy, and monitoring oxygen saturation are essential aspects of managing asthma exacerbation, the priority is to administer a bronchodilator to address the acute bronchoconstriction.
5. A nurse is providing teaching for a child who is prescribed ferrous sulfate. Which of the following instructions should the nurse include?
- A. Take the medication with milk
- B. Take with a glass of orange juice
- C. Take at bedtime
- D. Take with meals
Correct answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B: 'Take with a glass of orange juice.' Ferrous sulfate should be taken with orange juice (vitamin C) to enhance the absorption of iron. Taking it with milk (choice A) is not recommended as calcium can interfere with iron absorption. Taking it at bedtime (choice C) or with meals (choice D) may lead to decreased absorption due to interactions with other food or medications.
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