ATI LPN
PN ATI Capstone Pharmacology 1 Quiz
1. While caring for a client receiving nitroglycerin for chest pain, which of the following side effects should the nurse monitor for?
- A. Hypotension
- B. Tachycardia
- C. Bradycardia
- D. Hyperglycemia
Correct answer: A
Rationale: Corrected Rationale: Nitroglycerin is known to cause hypotension due to its vasodilating effect, which can lead to low blood pressure. Therefore, the nurse should closely monitor the client for signs of hypotension such as dizziness, light-headedness, or weakness. Tachycardia (increased heart rate), bradycardia (decreased heart rate), and hyperglycemia (high blood sugar) are not typically associated with nitroglycerin use and are less likely to be side effects that the nurse needs to monitor for in this scenario.
2. Isolation of a child with measles belongs to which level of prevention?
- A. Primary
- B. Secondary
- C. Intermediate
- D. Tertiary
Correct answer: A
Rationale: Isolating a child with measles is considered a primary prevention measure. Primary prevention aims to prevent the disease from occurring by intervening before exposure to the causative agent. Isolating the child helps to contain the spread of the disease and protect those who are not already sick. This strategy falls under the realm of specific disease prevention, which is a key aspect of primary prevention.
3. A client has been prescribed ciprofloxacin and is receiving discharge teaching. Which of the following instructions should be included by the healthcare provider?
- A. Take the medication with milk.
- B. Avoid exposure to sunlight.
- C. Take the medication at bedtime.
- D. Increase your intake of vitamin K.
Correct answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is to instruct the client to avoid exposure to sunlight. Ciprofloxacin can increase the risk of photosensitivity, making it important to protect the skin from sunlight to prevent skin reactions. This precaution can help prevent skin damage and discomfort in individuals taking ciprofloxacin. Choices A, C, and D are incorrect. Taking ciprofloxacin with milk is not recommended as it may reduce the absorption of the medication. There is no specific instruction to take ciprofloxacin at bedtime. Increasing vitamin K intake is not directly related to ciprofloxacin therapy.
4. A nurse is developing a plan of care for a client who will be placed in halo traction following surgical repair of the cervical spine. Which of the following interventions should the nurse include in the plan?
- A. Inspect the pin site every 4 hours
- B. Monitor the client’s skin under the halo vest
- C. Ensure two personnel hold the halo device when repositioning the client
- D. Apply powder frequently to the client’s skin under the vest to decrease itching
Correct answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is to monitor the client’s skin under the halo vest. This is important to assess for signs of skin issues such as excessive sweating, redness, or blistering, which can lead to skin breakdown and infection. Choice A is incorrect because inspecting the pin site every 4 hours is necessary but not the priority in this case. Choice C is incorrect as it is not essential for two personnel to hold the halo device during repositioning. Choice D is incorrect because applying powder frequently can actually increase the risk of skin issues by clogging pores and causing irritation.
5. The preceptor is orienting a new graduate nurse to the critical care unit. The preceptor asks the new graduate to state symptoms that most likely indicate the beginning of a shock state in a critically ill client. What findings should the new graduate nurse identify?
- A. Warm skin, hypertension, and constricted pupils.
- B. Bradycardia, hypotension, and respiratory acidosis.
- C. Mottled skin, tachypnea, and hyperactive bowel sounds.
- D. Tachycardia, mental status change, and low urine output.
Correct answer: D
Rationale: Tachycardia, mental status change, and low urine output are early indicators of shock. In a critically ill client, these findings suggest a decrease in tissue perfusion. Prompt recognition and intervention are crucial to prevent the progression of shock and its complications.
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