ATI LPN
PN ATI Capstone Proctored Comprehensive Assessment 2020 B with NGN
1. A client has been prescribed enoxaparin. Which of the following instructions should the nurse provide regarding self-administration?
- A. Pinch the skin and inject at a 45-degree angle
- B. Massage the injection site after administering
- C. Administer at a 90-degree angle
- D. Avoid rotating injection sites
Correct answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is to pinch the skin and inject at a 45-degree angle when administering enoxaparin. This technique helps ensure proper administration of the medication. Massaging the injection site after administering is unnecessary and could increase the risk of bleeding. Administering at a 90-degree angle is not recommended for enoxaparin injections. Rotating injection sites is important to prevent tissue damage and irritation.
2. When teaching a client about the correct use of a cane, what should the nurse include?
- A. Ensure the cane has a rubber cap
- B. Hold the cane on the stronger side
- C. Flex the elbow slightly when using the cane
- D. Use a quad cane for increased support
Correct answer: B
Rationale: When using a cane, it should be held on the stronger side to provide optimal support and stability. This positioning allows the cane to bear weight effectively and helps in improving balance. Option A about ensuring the cane has a rubber cap is important for preventing slipping but is not directly related to the correct use of the cane. Option C, flexing the elbow slightly, is a general guideline and may vary depending on the individual's height and the type of cane being used. Option D suggesting the use of a quad cane for increased support is not necessary if a standard cane is sufficient for the client's needs.
3. A healthcare professional is assessing a client for signs of depression. Which of the following findings should the healthcare professional look for?
- A. Increased energy
- B. Changes in sleep patterns
- C. Weight loss
- D. Both B and C
Correct answer: D
Rationale: When assessing a client for signs of depression, healthcare professionals should look for changes in sleep patterns and weight loss. These are common symptoms associated with depression. Increased energy (choice A) is not typically a sign of depression, as individuals with depression often experience fatigue and a lack of energy. Therefore, choices A, B, and C are incorrect, making choice D the correct answer.
4. A nurse in the emergency department is prioritizing care for four clients. Which of the following clients should the nurse see first?
- A. A 6-year-old with a dislocated shoulder
- B. A 26-year-old with sickle cell disease and severe joint pain
- C. A 76-year-old with confusion, fever, and foul-smelling urine
- D. A 50-year-old with slurred speech, disorientation, and headache
Correct answer: D
Rationale: The client with slurred speech, disorientation, and a headache may be experiencing a stroke, a life-threatening condition that requires immediate attention. Identifying and managing a stroke promptly can reduce the risk of long-term disability or complications. The other options, although important, do not present immediate life-threatening conditions that require urgent intervention. A dislocated shoulder, severe joint pain in sickle cell disease, confusion with fever and foul-smelling urine, while concerning, can be addressed after attending to the client with potential stroke symptoms.
5. A client is receiving vancomycin. Which of the following should the nurse monitor?
- A. Blood glucose levels
- B. Serum creatinine
- C. INR levels
- D. Liver function tests
Correct answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B: Serum creatinine. Vancomycin is known to be nephrotoxic, meaning it can cause kidney damage. Monitoring serum creatinine levels is essential to assess kidney function and detect any signs of nephrotoxicity. Blood glucose levels (choice A) are not directly affected by vancomycin. INR levels (choice C) are typically monitored for clients on anticoagulants, not vancomycin. Liver function tests (choice D) are not primarily affected by vancomycin use; kidney function is of greater concern.
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