ATI LPN
PN ATI Comprehensive Predictor
1. A client post-surgery has a chest tube. What is the most important assessment for the nurse to perform?
- A. Clamp the chest tube for 30 minutes every 4 hours
- B. Check for air leaks and ensure the chest tube is functioning properly
- C. Position the client in a high Fowler's position
- D. Encourage frequent coughing to clear secretions
Correct answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is to check for air leaks and ensure the chest tube is functioning properly. This is crucial post-surgery to prevent complications such as pneumothorax or hemothorax. Clamping the chest tube, positioning the client, or encouraging coughing are not appropriate assessments for a client with a chest tube post-surgery and could lead to serious issues if done incorrectly.
2. A client is given morphine 6 mg IV push for postoperative pain. Following administration of this drug, the nurse observes the following: pulse 68, respirations 8, BP 100/68, client sleeping quietly. Which of the following nursing actions is MOST appropriate?
- A. Allow the client to sleep undisturbed
- B. Administer oxygen via facemask or nasal prongs
- C. Administer naloxone (Narcan)
- D. Place epinephrine 1:1,000 at the bedside
Correct answer: C
Rationale: The correct answer is to administer naloxone (Narcan). The client's vital signs indicate opioid-induced respiratory depression, which is a potential side effect of morphine. Naloxone is used to reverse the effects of opioids, particularly to restore normal respiratory function. Administering oxygen alone (Choice B) may not address the underlying cause of respiratory depression. Allowing the client to sleep undisturbed (Choice A) is inappropriate when signs of respiratory depression are present. Epinephrine (Choice D) is not indicated in this situation and is not used to reverse opioid effects.
3. Which symptom is most characteristic of generalized anxiety disorder (GAD)?
- A. Fear of social situations
- B. Excessive worrying about various aspects of life
- C. Hallucinations
- D. Impulsive behaviors
Correct answer: B
Rationale: Excessive worrying about various aspects of life is a hallmark symptom of generalized anxiety disorder (GAD). In GAD, individuals experience excessive and uncontrollable worry about a wide range of everyday problems. This persistent worrying can lead to physical and emotional symptoms, impacting their daily functioning and quality of life. Fear of social situations, hallucinations, and impulsive behaviors are not typically associated with GAD.
4. Primary health care is a total approach to community development. Which of the following is an indicator of success in using the primary health care approach?
- A. Health services are provided free of charge to individuals and families
- B. Local officials are empowered as the major decision-makers in health matters
- C. Health workers can provide care based on identified health needs of the people
- D. Health programs are sustained according to the level of development of the community
Correct answer: D
Rationale: Success in utilizing the primary health care approach is indicated by the sustainability of health programs based on the community's development level. This ensures that essential health services can be maintained at all stages of community development, reflecting the core principles of primary health care.
5. Why might nurses not be the best choice to obtain informed consent from patients?
- A. Nurses may be tempted to influence the patient's decision in subtle ways.
- B. Nurses may not be able to answer some of the medical questions the patient asks.
- C. A signature obtained by anyone other than a physician will not stand up in court.
- D. Under the law, nurses are only allowed to act as witnesses to informed consent signatures.
Correct answer: B
Rationale: Nurses may not have the medical expertise to answer all the questions that patients may have regarding their treatment, which is a crucial aspect of obtaining informed consent. While nurses should not influence a patient's decision, it is not a major reason why they should not obtain informed consent. Signatures obtained by nurses are legally binding, and although nurses often act as witnesses, there is no legal restriction preventing them from obtaining informed consent itself.
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