ATI LPN
ATI Maternal Newborn
1. A client is exhibiting tearfulness, insomnia, lack of appetite, and a feeling of letdown after childbirth. Which of the following conditions is associated with these manifestations?
- A. Postpartum fatigue
- B. Postpartum psychosis
- C. Letting-go phase
- D. Postpartum blues
Correct answer: D
Rationale: The correct answer is D, Postpartum blues. Postpartum blues, also known as baby blues, are common after childbirth and are characterized by symptoms like tearfulness, insomnia, lack of appetite, and a feeling of letdown. This condition is typically self-limiting and resolves without specific treatment. Postpartum fatigue (choice A) refers to extreme tiredness after childbirth but does not typically include symptoms like tearfulness and insomnia. Postpartum psychosis (choice B) is a severe condition that includes symptoms such as hallucinations and delusions, which are not present in the scenario. The letting-go phase (choice C) does not represent a specific postpartum condition related to the symptoms described.
2. A client with rheumatoid arthritis is prescribed methotrexate. Which instruction should the nurse include in the client's teaching?
- A. Avoid alcohol while taking this medication.
- B. Take the medication with a full meal.
- C. Increase your intake of high-fiber foods.
- D. Avoid exposure to sunlight.
Correct answer: A
Rationale: The correct instruction for the client prescribed with methotrexate is to avoid alcohol while taking this medication. Methotrexate can cause liver toxicity, and alcohol consumption can further exacerbate this risk. It is crucial for patients to abstain from alcohol to prevent adverse effects on the liver. Therefore, instructing the client to avoid alcohol is a key component of safe medication use and management of rheumatoid arthritis.
3. In which individual does negative nitrogen balance occur?
- A. Adult who engages in a weight-training program.
- B. Woman who is pregnant or lactating.
- C. Child who is growing.
- D. Older adult with anorexia.
Correct answer: D
Rationale: Negative nitrogen balance occurs when the body loses more nitrogen than it gains. This imbalance is often seen in conditions like anorexia in older adults, where insufficient protein intake leads to muscle breakdown and negative nitrogen balance. Choices A, B, and C do not typically lead to negative nitrogen balance as seen in anorexia in older adults.
4. What are the early signs of sepsis in a patient?
- A. Increased heart rate and fever
- B. Low blood pressure and confusion
- C. Elevated blood sugar and sweating
- D. Increased urine output and abdominal pain
Correct answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A: Increased heart rate and fever. These are early signs of sepsis and indicate a systemic infection. It is crucial to identify these signs promptly to initiate appropriate treatment. Choice B is incorrect because low blood pressure and confusion are more indicative of severe sepsis or septic shock rather than early signs. Choice C is incorrect as elevated blood sugar and sweating are not typical early signs of sepsis. Choice D is also incorrect as increased urine output and abdominal pain are not early signs of sepsis.
5. What is the study of conduct and character?
- A. Ethics
- B. Justice
- C. Morals
- D. Non-maleficence
Correct answer: A
Rationale: Ethics is the correct answer because it specifically deals with the study of conduct and character. Ethics is a branch of philosophy that involves systematizing, defending, and recommending concepts of right and wrong conduct. While justice and morals are related to ethical considerations, they do not directly represent the study of conduct and character. Non-maleficence is a principle in medical ethics related to avoiding harm.
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