Nursing Elites

1. A healthcare professional is assessing a patient with anorexia nervosa. Which finding is most concerning?

• A. Mild bradycardia
• B. Electrolyte imbalances
• C. Slight hypotension
• D. Lanugo

Correct answer: B

Rationale: Electrolyte imbalances are a critical concern in patients with anorexia nervosa due to the potential for severe complications such as cardiac arrhythmias, muscle weakness, and neurological disturbances. Prompt identification and management of electrolyte imbalances are essential to prevent life-threatening outcomes.

2. Which intervention is most appropriate for a patient experiencing a severe manic episode?

• A. Providing a structured and low-stimulation environment
• B. Encouraging the patient to engage in group activities
• C. Providing detailed information about the patient's condition
• D. Allowing the patient to have unsupervised time

Correct answer: A

Rationale: During a severe manic episode, it is crucial to provide a structured and low-stimulation environment to help manage the symptoms effectively. This environment aims to reduce stimuli that can exacerbate manic behavior and provide a sense of predictability and safety for the individual. Group activities, detailed information provision, or unsupervised time may not be suitable during a severe manic episode as they can potentially worsen the condition or pose safety risks.

3. A client who is at risk for suicide following their partner’s death is speaking with a nurse. Which of the following statements should the nurse make?

• A. “I feel very sorry for the loneliness you must be experiencing.”
• B. “Suicide is not the appropriate way to cope with loss.”
• C. “Losing someone close to you must be very upsetting.”
• D. “I know how difficult it is to lose a loved one.”

Correct answer: C

Rationale: When a client is at risk for suicide, it is crucial for the nurse to acknowledge the emotional impact of losing a loved one without downplaying or judging their feelings. Statement C demonstrates empathy and understanding without making assumptions or providing unsolicited advice, making it the most appropriate response in this situation. Choice A focuses more on the nurse's feelings rather than the client's, which might not effectively address the client's emotional state. Choice B is judgmental and dismissive, which could further isolate the client. Choice D, although empathetic, shifts the focus to the nurse's experience rather than validating the client's feelings.

4. When discharging a patient with schizophrenia on risperidone, what is an important point to include in the discharge teaching?

• A. Avoiding foods high in tyramine is essential.
• B. Getting blood levels checked regularly is necessary.
• C. Being cautious when driving due to possible drowsiness is crucial.
• D. Taking this medication on an as-needed basis is recommended.

Correct answer: B

Rationale: Regular monitoring of blood levels is crucial for patients taking risperidone to ensure the medication is at therapeutic levels and to prevent potential toxicity. This monitoring helps healthcare providers adjust the dosage as needed to optimize treatment outcomes and minimize adverse effects.

5. What is the priority nursing intervention for a patient experiencing a panic attack?

• A. Encouraging the patient to focus on deep breathing exercises.
• B. Encouraging the patient to avoid any physical activity.
• C. Asking the patient to describe their feelings in detail.
• D. Providing the patient with detailed information about panic attacks.

Correct answer: A

Rationale: The priority nursing intervention for a patient experiencing a panic attack is to encourage them to focus on deep breathing exercises. This intervention helps the patient manage the physiological symptoms of a panic attack by promoting relaxation and reducing hyperventilation, which are common during such episodes. Deep breathing exercises can help regulate breathing patterns and alleviate feelings of anxiety and panic.

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