ATI LPN
PN ATI Capstone Fundamentals Quiz
1. When admitting a client with fever, confusion, and decreased level of consciousness, what should the nurse do first after obtaining the client's history and assessment?
- A. Identify the client's needs
- B. Start intravenous fluids
- C. Notify the provider
- D. Conduct a neurological assessment
Correct answer: A
Rationale: When a client presents with fever, confusion, and decreased level of consciousness, the first step should be to identify the client's needs. This involves recognizing any immediate concerns or issues that require urgent attention. Starting intravenous fluids, notifying the provider, or conducting a neurological assessment may be necessary actions but should come after identifying the client's needs to ensure proper prioritization of care.
2. A nurse is providing discharge teaching to a client who is starting to take carbidopa/levodopa to treat Parkinson’s disease. Which of the following instructions should the nurse include in the teaching?
- A. “This medication can cause your urine to turn a dark color.”
- B. “Expect immediate relief after taking this medication.”
- C. “Take the medication with a high-protein food.”
- D. “Skip a dose of the medication if you experience dizziness.”
Correct answer: A
Rationale: The correct instruction the nurse should provide is that the medication can cause the client's urine to turn a dark color, which is a harmless effect of carbidopa/levodopa. This is due to the metabolites of levodopa. Immediate relief is not expected after taking the medication because it may take weeks to months to achieve the full therapeutic effect. Taking the medication with a high-protein food is not recommended as protein can interfere with the absorption of levodopa. Skipping a dose of the medication if the client experiences dizziness is incorrect as dizziness may be a side effect of the medication, and doses should not be skipped without consulting a healthcare provider.
3. A nurse is assessing a client 2 hours after a vaginal delivery and notes that the client's uterus is boggy and displaced to the right. Which of the following interventions should the nurse perform first?
- A. Assist the client to void
- B. Massage the uterus
- C. Administer oxytocin
- D. Encourage breastfeeding
Correct answer: A
Rationale: A boggy and displaced uterus is often a sign of bladder distention, which can prevent the uterus from contracting effectively. The priority intervention is to assist the client to void. By emptying the bladder, the uterus can return to midline and become firm. Massaging the uterus or administering oxytocin may be necessary but should come after addressing the bladder distention. Encouraging breastfeeding is important for uterine contraction but is not the priority in this situation.
4. A nurse is assessing a 2-hour-old newborn for cold stress. Which of the following findings should the nurse expect?
- A. Respiratory rate of 60/min
- B. Jitteriness of the hands
- C. Diaphoresis
- D. Bounding peripheral pulses
Correct answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B: Jitteriness of the hands. Jitteriness is a key sign of cold stress in a newborn, indicating the need for immediate warming measures. A respiratory rate of 60/min may not be directly indicative of cold stress. Diaphoresis (excessive sweating) and bounding peripheral pulses are not typical findings associated with cold stress in newborns.
5. A patient is receiving discharge teaching for esophageal cancer and starting radiation therapy. What instruction should the healthcare provider include?
- A. Remove dye markings after each radiation treatment
- B. Apply a warm compress to the irradiated site
- C. Wear clothing over the area of radiation treatment
- D. Use a washcloth to bathe the treatment area
Correct answer: C
Rationale: The correct instruction for a patient starting radiation therapy for esophageal cancer is to wear clothing over the area of radiation treatment. This helps to prevent irritation and protect the skin. Removing dye markings after each treatment (choice A) is unnecessary and not typically part of the patient's self-care. Applying a warm compress (choice B) can exacerbate skin irritation caused by radiation. Using a washcloth to bathe the treatment area (choice D) can potentially irritate the skin further, making it important to avoid.
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