ATI LPN
ATI PN Comprehensive Predictor 2020 Answers
1. A nurse is teaching a client who has peptic ulcer disease about preventing exacerbations. Which of the following instructions should the nurse include?
- A. Use antacids containing magnesium frequently
- B. Limit alcohol consumption
- C. Eat smaller, frequent meals
- D. Increase caffeine intake
Correct answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B: Limit alcohol consumption. Alcohol consumption can aggravate peptic ulcer disease by increasing gastric acid secretion, potentially leading to exacerbations. Choices A, C, and D are incorrect. Choice A is not recommended because antacids containing magnesium can interfere with other medications or conditions the client may have. Choice C is a good recommendation; however, it is not the priority instruction for preventing exacerbations. Choice D is also incorrect as caffeine can stimulate gastric acid secretion, which can worsen peptic ulcer disease.
2. What are the principles of aseptic technique in wound care?
- A. Use sterile gloves and a clean dressing
- B. Apply a clean dressing using sterile scissors
- C. Wash hands thoroughly before applying the dressing
- D. Use a clean glove and avoid contact with the wound
Correct answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A: 'Use sterile gloves and a clean dressing.' Aseptic technique in wound care requires the use of sterile gloves to prevent infection. Choice B is incorrect as the method of application does not primarily focus on maintaining asepsis. Choice C, while important for infection control, is not specific to aseptic technique in wound care. Choice D is incorrect because using a single clean glove does not ensure the level of sterility needed for aseptic wound care.
3. What substance activates pepsinogen to pepsin?
- A. Bile
- B. Gastrin
- C. Secretin
- D. Hydrochloric acid
Correct answer: D
Rationale: The correct answer is D: Hydrochloric acid. Hydrochloric acid in the stomach plays a crucial role in converting pepsinogen into its active form, pepsin, which is necessary for digesting proteins. Bile (Choice A) is involved in the emulsification of fats, not in the activation of pepsinogen. Gastrin (Choice B) is a hormone that stimulates the secretion of gastric acid but does not directly activate pepsinogen. Secretin (Choice C) is a hormone that regulates the pH of the duodenum but is not responsible for the activation of pepsinogen.
4. A nurse is preparing to teach a client about the management of hypoglycemia. Which sign should the nurse instruct the client to monitor for?
- A. Diaphoresis
- B. Polyuria
- C. Abdominal pain
- D. Thirst
Correct answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A: Diaphoresis. Diaphoresis, which refers to excessive sweating, is a classic symptom of hypoglycemia. Instructing the client to monitor for diaphoresis is crucial as it can help them recognize and address hypoglycemic events promptly. Polyuria (excessive urination), abdominal pain, and thirst are not typical signs of hypoglycemia. Polyuria is more commonly associated with conditions like diabetes mellitus, while abdominal pain and thirst are not specific indicators of low blood sugar levels.
5. The Sentrong Sigla Movement aims to enhance health service delivery. Which of the following statements is true about this movement?
- A. It is a project jointly led by the Department of Health and local government units
- B. It serves as a means to secure additional funding from local government units
- C. It promotes disease prevention and control as a priority for health centers
- D. Its primary approach involves certifying health centers meeting DOH standards
Correct answer: D
Rationale: The Sentrong Sigla Movement is a collaborative effort between the Department of Health (DOH) and local government units. Its primary strategy is the certification of health centers that meet the standards established by the DOH. This certification process ensures that health centers provide quality services and comply with the set guidelines, ultimately improving the overall health service delivery in the region.
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