Nursing Elites

1. Based on the complaints provided by Madam KK, is the child exhibiting danger signs?

• A. Yes
• B. No
• C. I don't know
• D. Yes

Correct answer: A

Rationale: Yes, the child is displaying danger signs with symptoms such as fever and rapid breathing, indicating a potential serious health issue that requires immediate attention. The correct answer is 'Yes' because the symptoms described in Madam KK's complaints align with danger signs that suggest a severe health problem. Choices B and C are incorrect because the symptoms mentioned clearly indicate the presence of danger signs. Choice D is a duplicate of choice A and does not provide a valid alternative.

2. A new parent reports to the nurse that the baby looks cross-eyed several times a day. The nurse teaches the parents that this finding should resolve in how long?

• A. 2 months
• B. 2 weeks
• C. 1 year
• D. 4 months

Correct answer: D

Rationale: Transient strabismus, causing the baby to look cross-eyed, is due to poor neuromuscular control of the eye muscles. This condition typically resolves on its own within 3 to 4 months as the infant's neuromuscular control improves. Parents should be reassured that this is a common and temporary issue in infants. Choice A is incorrect as it is too long for the resolution of transient strabismus. Choice B is incorrect as 2 weeks is too short for resolution. Choice C is incorrect as 1 year is too long for transient strabismus to resolve.

3. When you attempt to assess a 22-year-old woman who has been sexually assaulted, she orders you not to touch her. Your MOST appropriate initial action should be to:

• A. obtain a signed refusal and return to service.
• B. transport the patient without performing an assessment.
• C. explain to the patient that she must be examined.
• D. ask a female EMT to attempt to assess the patient.

Correct answer: D

Rationale: In cases of sexual assault, it's important to respect the patient's wishes and provide a female EMT to attempt the assessment if the patient prefers.

4. When is a newborn considered premature?

• A. Weighs less than 6.5 pounds.
• B. Is born to a heroin-addicted mother.
• C. Is born before 37 weeks gestation.
• D. Has meconium in or around its mouth.

Correct answer: C

Rationale: A newborn is considered premature if it is born before 37 weeks gestation. Premature birth increases the risk of various health problems as the baby may not be fully developed. Choice A is incorrect because the weight alone does not determine prematurity. Choice B is incorrect as it refers to a specific situation but not a direct indicator of prematurity. Choice D is incorrect as the presence of meconium does not solely indicate prematurity.

5. The word hormone is derived from the Greek 'hormao' meaning 'I excite or arouse'. Hormones communicate this effect by their unique chemical structures recognized by specific receptors on their target cells, by their patterns of secretion, and their concentrations in the general or local circulation. Which of the following is NOT a function of hormones?

• A. Producing new offspring
• B. Promoting growth and beauty
• C. Maintaining body temperature
• D. Fighting infections

Correct answer: A

Rationale: The function of producing new offspring is not attributed to hormones. Hormones primarily regulate various physiological processes in the body such as growth, metabolism, reproduction, and immune response, but they do not directly play a role in producing offspring.

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