which of the following signs or symptoms is more common in children than adults following an isolated head injury

ATI LPN

LPN Pediatrics

1. Which of the following signs or symptoms is more common in children than adults following an isolated head injury?

A. Changes in pupillary reaction
B. Tachycardia and diaphoresis
C. Nausea and vomiting
D. Altered mental status

Correct answer: C

Rationale: Nausea and vomiting are more common in children than adults following an isolated head injury. Children often present with gastrointestinal symptoms like nausea and vomiting after a head injury due to differences in physiological responses compared to adults.

2. Seizures in children MOST often result from:

A. a life-threatening infection.
B. an inflammatory process in the brain.
C. an abrupt rise in body temperature.
D. a temperature greater than 102°F.

Correct answer: C

Rationale: Seizures in children most often result from febrile seizures, which are triggered by an abrupt rise in body temperature. Febrile seizures are common in young children, especially between the ages of 6 months to 5 years, and are usually associated with viral infections that cause a sudden spike in body temperature. Choices A, B, and D are incorrect because while infections, inflammatory processes, and high temperatures can sometimes lead to seizures, the most common cause of seizures in children is an abrupt increase in body temperature, known as febrile seizures.

3. What is the purpose of the pediatric assessment triangle?

A. Detect immediate life threats through a quick hands-on assessment.
B. Identify if the child has a medical condition or a traumatic injury.
C. Determine if the child's problem is respiratory or circulatory in nature.
D. Form a general impression of the child without touching them.

Correct answer: D

Rationale: The pediatric assessment triangle is used to form a rapid, hands-off general impression of the child's condition without directly touching them. This visual assessment helps in identifying children who require immediate attention and further evaluation.

4. What is the main cause or association of Type 2 diabetes?

A. Mostly associated with autoantibodies
B. Mostly associated with childhood cancer
C. Commonly associated with obesity and metabolic syndrome
D. Commonly associated with overeating

Correct answer: C

Rationale: Type 2 diabetes is commonly associated with obesity and metabolic syndrome. These conditions are major contributing factors to the development of Type 2 diabetes due to insulin resistance and other metabolic abnormalities linked to excess body weight and unhealthy lifestyle habits.

5. What intervention should the nurse encourage for a postpartum client complaining of perineal pain?

A. Use of ice packs for the first 24 hours
B. Application of heat packs immediately
C. Avoiding the use of peri-bottles
D. Using tampons to manage lochia

Correct answer: A

Rationale: The correct intervention for perineal pain in a postpartum client is the use of ice packs for the first 24 hours. Ice packs help reduce swelling and discomfort in the perineal area, especially during the initial post-delivery period. Applying heat packs can exacerbate swelling and discomfort. Avoiding peri-bottles may lead to poor perineal hygiene. Using tampons is contraindicated postpartum as it increases the risk of infection.