Nursing Elites

1. Which of the following practices is essential for preventing the spread of healthcare-associated infections?

• A. Frequent handwashing
• B. Sharing medical equipment
• C. Reducing patient turnover
• D. Increasing hospital bed capacity

Correct answer: A

Rationale: Frequent handwashing is a crucial practice for preventing the spread of healthcare-associated infections. Washing hands frequently helps remove pathogens and reduces the risk of transmitting infections between patients, healthcare providers, and other individuals in healthcare settings.

2. The number of cases of Dengue fever usually increases towards the end of the rainy season. This pattern of occurrence of Dengue fever is best described as:

• A. Epidemic occurrence
• B. Cyclical variation
• C. Sporadic occurrence
• D. Secular occurrence

Correct answer: B

Rationale: Cyclical variation best describes the periodic fluctuation in the number of Dengue fever cases in the community, typically increasing towards the end of the rainy season and then decreasing during drier periods. This pattern suggests a recurring cycle rather than a sudden outbreak (epidemic), random occurrence (sporadic), or gradual long-term change (secular occurrence).

3. In the conduct of a census, the method of population assignment based on the actual physical location of the people is termed:

• A. De jure
• B. De locus
• C. De facto
• D. De novo

Correct answer: C

Rationale: The correct term for the method of population assignment based on the actual physical location of the people is 'de facto.' On the other hand, 'de jure' is the method based on the usual place of residence of the people.

4. One of the participants in a hilot training class asked you to whom she should refer a patient in labor who develops a complication. You will answer, to the:

• A. Public health nurse
• B. Rural health midwife
• C. Municipal health officer
• D. Any of these health professionals

Correct answer: C

Rationale: In the context of a patient in labor developing a complication, it is essential to refer them to a Municipal Health Officer. While a public health nurse and rural health midwife can provide care during normal childbirth, a physician, such as the Municipal Health Officer, should attend to a woman with a complication during labor. Therefore, the correct choice is the Municipal Health Officer as they are trained to handle complications that may arise during childbirth.

5. Which biological used in Expanded Program on Immunization (EPI) is stored in the freezer?

• A. DPT
• B. OPV
• C. Hepatitis B vaccine
• D. Measles vaccine

Correct answer: B

Rationale: The correct answer is OPV. Oral Polio Vaccine should be stored in the freezer to maintain its potency. Vaccines like DPT, Hepatitis B vaccine, and Measles vaccine are typically stored in the refrigerator to ensure their efficacy.

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