Nursing Elites

1. What is the primary goal of exposure therapy for a patient with specific phobia?

• A. To eliminate the phobic response completely
• B. To increase the patient's exposure to the feared object
• C. To help the patient confront and reduce their fear gradually
• D. To provide immediate relief from anxiety symptoms

Correct answer: C

Rationale: The primary goal of exposure therapy for a patient with a specific phobia is to help them confront their fear gradually, leading to a reduction in their fear response over time. This gradual exposure helps the individual learn to manage and cope with their phobia, ultimately reducing the intensity of their fear reactions. Choice A is incorrect because while the goal is to reduce the fear response, complete elimination may not always be feasible. Choice B is incorrect as the focus is not solely on increasing exposure but on gradual confrontation. Choice D is incorrect as the therapy aims for long-term reduction rather than immediate relief.

2. Carolina is surprised when her patient does not show for a regularly scheduled appointment. When contacted, the patient states, “I don’t need to come see you anymore. I have found a therapy app on my phone that I love.” How should Carolina respond to this news?

• A. That sounds exciting; would you be willing to visit and show me the app?
• B. At this time, there is no real evidence that the app can replace our therapy.
• C. I am not sure that is a good idea right now; we are so close to progress.
• D. Why would you think that is a better option than meeting with me?

Correct answer: A

Rationale: Carolina should respond by showing interest in the app, as it can help maintain the therapeutic relationship and provide an opportunity to evaluate the app's effectiveness together. By asking the patient to visit and show the app, Carolina demonstrates openness to exploring new tools that the patient finds helpful, while also ensuring that the patient's well-being remains a priority. This approach fosters communication, allows for a collaborative discussion on how the app fits into the patient's treatment plan, and may potentially address any concerns or misconceptions the patient has about the app replacing traditional therapy.

3. A patient with generalized anxiety disorder is being taught about buspirone. Which statement indicates the patient needs further teaching?

• A. I should take this medication consistently rather than on an as-needed basis.
• B. It may take a few weeks to feel the full effect of this medication.
• C. This medication has a lower risk of dependency compared to benzodiazepines.
• D. I should avoid drinking alcohol while taking this medication.

Correct answer: A

Rationale: The correct answer is A because buspirone is not meant to be taken on an as-needed basis. It should be taken consistently to achieve optimal effectiveness in managing generalized anxiety disorder. Taking it as needed may lead to inadequate symptom control and reduced therapeutic benefits.

4. A patient with a diagnosis of panic disorder is prescribed an SSRI. Which side effect should the nurse monitor for when the patient starts this medication?

• A. Increased heart rate
• B. Increased appetite
• C. Gastrointestinal disturbances
• D. Dry mouth

Correct answer: C

Rationale: When a patient with panic disorder is prescribed an SSRI, the nurse should monitor for gastrointestinal disturbances as a common side effect. SSRIs can cause gastrointestinal symptoms such as nausea, diarrhea, or abdominal discomfort, especially at the beginning of treatment. Increased heart rate (Choice A) is not a common side effect of SSRIs; it is more commonly associated with medications like stimulants. Increased appetite (Choice B) is not a typical side effect of SSRIs, as they are more likely to cause weight loss or appetite suppression. Dry mouth (Choice D) is a side effect seen more commonly with medications that have anticholinergic properties, not typically with SSRIs.

5. In treating PTSD, which type of therapy is most commonly recommended?

• A. Cognitive-behavioral therapy (CBT)
• B. Psychoanalytic therapy
• C. Humanistic therapy
• D. Gestalt therapy

Correct answer: A

Rationale: Cognitive-behavioral therapy (CBT) is the most commonly recommended therapy for PTSD due to its effectiveness in helping patients identify and change negative thoughts and behaviors associated with trauma. This therapy focuses on providing practical coping strategies to manage symptoms and process traumatic experiences. Psychoanalytic therapy, humanistic therapy, and gestalt therapy are less commonly used for PTSD as they may not target the specific symptoms and cognitive distortions associated with this disorder.

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