ATI LPN
ATI PN Comprehensive Predictor 2020
1. What are the nursing interventions for a patient with hypertension?
- A. Monitor blood pressure and educate the patient about lifestyle changes
- B. Administer antihypertensive medications and provide dietary education
- C. Provide regular monitoring of blood pressure and administer diuretics
- D. Provide regular blood glucose monitoring
Correct answer: A
Rationale: The correct nursing interventions for a patient with hypertension involve monitoring blood pressure and educating the patient about lifestyle changes. These interventions help in managing hypertension by keeping track of the patient's blood pressure readings and empowering them with knowledge to make lifestyle modifications such as adopting a healthy diet, regular exercise, stress management, and avoiding smoking and excessive alcohol consumption. Administering antihypertensive medications (choice B) is typically done by a healthcare provider rather than a nurse. While regular monitoring of blood pressure (choice C) is important, administering diuretics is a specific medical intervention that should be prescribed by a healthcare provider. Monitoring blood glucose (choice D) is more relevant for patients with diabetes rather than hypertension.
2. A nurse is caring for a client who has a prescription for metoprolol. For which of the following findings should the nurse withhold the medication?
- A. Heart rate 56/min.
- B. Oxygen saturation 93%.
- C. Respiratory rate 18/min.
- D. Blood pressure 118/74 mm Hg.
Correct answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A: Heart rate 56/min. Metoprolol, a beta blocker, should be withheld if the client's heart rate is below 60/min to prevent further bradycardia. Choices B, C, and D are within normal ranges and do not indicate a need to withhold metoprolol.
3. What term is used to identify the care delivery model being used when a nurse makes patient care assignments as follows: RN1 has rooms 202-210, RN2 has rooms 211-221, RN3 has rooms 222-232. The unlicensed assistive personnel have half the rooms, with one assigned to 202-215 and the second to 216-232?
- A. Partnership
- B. Primary
- C. Modular
- D. Team
Correct answer: C
Rationale: The term used to identify the care delivery model being used in this scenario is 'Modular.' In modular nursing, a nursing unit is divided into modules, with each module staffed by a team assigned to specific rooms. This division allows for a more organized and efficient delivery of care, with clear assignments and responsibilities for each team. Choices A, B, and D are incorrect. Partnership typically refers to collaboration between healthcare providers; Primary is related to the patient's main healthcare provider; and Team is a general term that does not specifically describe the modular care delivery model outlined in the question.
4. A client with a history of chronic alcohol use is admitted with confusion and an unsteady gait. Which deficiency should the nurse suspect?
- A. Thiamine (Vitamin B1)
- B. Cyanocobalamin (Vitamin B12)
- C. Folic acid
- D. Vitamin D
Correct answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is Thiamine (Vitamin B1). Chronic alcohol use can lead to thiamine deficiency, which can result in neurological symptoms such as confusion and an unsteady gait. Thiamine is essential for proper brain function and nerve conduction, and its deficiency is common in individuals with alcohol use disorder. Cyanocobalamin (Vitamin B12) deficiency can also present with neurological symptoms, but in this case, the patient's history of chronic alcohol use points more towards thiamine deficiency. Folic acid deficiency typically presents with symptoms like fatigue and megaloblastic anemia. Vitamin D deficiency is associated with bone health issues rather than neurological symptoms.
5. A nurse is teaching a client who has hypertension about dietary modifications. Which of the following instructions should the nurse include?
- A. Increase sodium intake
- B. Reduce sodium intake to less than 1,500 mg per day
- C. Limit caffeine intake
- D. Increase caffeine intake to improve focus
Correct answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B: 'Reduce sodium intake to less than 1,500 mg per day.' For clients with hypertension, reducing sodium intake is crucial as it helps manage blood pressure. High sodium intake can lead to fluid retention and increased blood pressure. Choice A is incorrect because increasing sodium intake would worsen hypertension. Choice C is also correct as limiting caffeine intake is beneficial for managing hypertension. Choice D is incorrect as increasing caffeine intake can elevate blood pressure, which is detrimental for clients with hypertension.
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