Nursing Elites

1. What is the appropriate treatment for a responsive 4-year-old child with a mild airway obstruction, respiratory distress, a strong cough, and normal skin color?

• A. Oxygen, back slaps, and transport.
• B. Subdiaphragmatic thrusts until the object is expelled.
• C. Assisted ventilations, back slaps, and transport.
• D. Supplemental oxygen and transport.

Correct answer: D

Rationale: For a responsive 4-year-old child with a mild airway obstruction, respiratory distress, a strong cough, and normal skin color, the appropriate treatment includes providing supplemental oxygen and arranging for transport to a healthcare facility. Oxygen helps alleviate the respiratory distress, and transport ensures the child receives further evaluation and care by healthcare professionals. Back slaps and subdiaphragmatic thrusts are not recommended for a child with a mild airway obstruction and normal skin color, as these interventions are typically reserved for more severe cases of airway obstruction.

2. The instructor is teaching a group of new mothers about infant care. Which statement indicates that further teaching is needed?

• A. I should put my baby to sleep on their back.
• B. I can give my baby water if they seem thirsty.
• C. Breastfeeding provides all the nutrients my baby needs.
• D. I should burp my baby after each feeding.

Correct answer: B

Rationale: The correct answer is B. Newborns do not need additional water as breast milk or formula provides all the necessary hydration. Giving water to infants can be harmful and is not recommended as it can interfere with the balance of electrolytes in their bodies. Choice A is correct as placing babies on their back for sleep is the recommended safe sleeping position. Choice C is also correct as breastfeeding does provide all the essential nutrients for babies. Choice D is correct as burping the baby after each feeding helps prevent discomfort from trapped air.

3. When assessing a 30-year-old female who was sexually assaulted, what is the MOST important action for you to take?

• A. Have a female healthcare provider perform the assessment.
• B. Advise against showering or changing clothes.
• C. Acknowledge that the patient is a potential crime scene.
• D. Ensure that all life-threatening injuries are treated.

Correct answer: D

Rationale: In cases of sexual assault, the priority is to address any life-threatening injuries first before proceeding with other aspects of care. Although preserving evidence and approaching the situation with sensitivity are crucial, immediate treatment of life-threatening conditions takes precedence to ensure the patient's well-being and safety. Having a female healthcare provider, advising against showering or changing clothes, and acknowledging the patient as a potential crime scene are important but secondary considerations compared to addressing any life-threatening injuries promptly.

4. What is a priority discharge instruction for a parent of a child experiencing the first episode of asthma?

• A. Asthma can be prevented by avoiding environmental and emotional triggers
• B. Asthma decreases the size of the airway causing distress
• C. Bronchodilators can cause tachycardia and restlessness
• D. If an attack occurs at home, the child should sit or stand

Correct answer: A

Rationale: Educating parents about avoiding triggers is a crucial part of managing asthma in children to prevent future asthma attacks. By identifying and minimizing exposure to triggers, parents can help reduce the risk of asthma exacerbations and improve the child's overall quality of life.

5. Which of the following signs would you expect to see in a child with respiratory failure?

• A. Slow, irregular breathing
• B. Flushed skin
• C. Strong cry
• D. Unconsciousness

Correct answer: A

Rationale: In a child with respiratory failure, slow, irregular breathing is a common sign. Respiratory failure impairs the ability to exchange oxygen and carbon dioxide efficiently, leading to altered breathing patterns. Flushed skin, a strong cry, or unconsciousness may not be specific signs of respiratory failure and could be indicative of other conditions. Flushed skin may be a sign of fever or increased blood flow, a strong cry may indicate pain or distress, and unconsciousness can have various causes beyond respiratory failure.

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