Nursing Elites

1. When teaching a new mother how to perform perineal care, which instruction should be included?

• A. Use a front-to-back motion when cleaning the perineal area
• B. Use a peri-bottle filled with warm water after each voiding
• C. Avoid using any cleansing solution on the perineal area
• D. Apply powder to the perineal area to keep it dry

Correct answer: B

Rationale: Using a peri-bottle filled with warm water after each voiding is essential for proper perineal care as it helps cleanse the area without causing irritation and promotes healing. It is important to avoid using a back-to-front motion to prevent introducing bacteria into the urethra, and using powder may increase the risk of infection. Cleansing solutions specifically formulated for perineal care may be recommended but should be used under healthcare provider guidance.

2. When assessing a newborn for jaundice, which area should be examined?

• A. Legs and feet
• B. Chest and abdomen
• C. Face and sclera
• D. Back and buttocks

Correct answer: C

Rationale: When assessing a newborn for jaundice, the healthcare provider should examine the face and sclera. Jaundice is often first noticeable in these areas due to the buildup of bilirubin, causing a yellowish discoloration of the skin and eyes. Examining the legs and feet (Choice A) is not the most appropriate area for identifying jaundice in newborns. Similarly, the chest and abdomen (Choice B) are not the primary areas where jaundice is usually observed. Checking the back and buttocks (Choice D) is also not as useful as examining the face and sclera when assessing for jaundice in newborns.

3. A new parent is concerned because their newborn's stools are loose and yellow. The healthcare provider should explain that this is:

• A. A sign of dehydration
• B. A normal finding in breastfed infants
• C. Indicative of an infection
• D. Due to lactose intolerance

Correct answer: B

Rationale: Loose, yellow stools are a normal finding in breastfed infants. Breastfed infants often have loose, yellow stools due to the composition of breast milk. It is not typically a sign of dehydration, infection, or lactose intolerance in this context.

4. When is it MOST appropriate to clamp and cut the umbilical cord?

• A. Before the newborn has taken its first breath
• B. After the placenta has completely delivered
• C. As soon as the cord has stopped pulsating
• D. Immediately following delivery of the newborn

Correct answer: C

Rationale: The ideal time to clamp and cut the umbilical cord is when it has stopped pulsating. This allows for the transfer of remaining blood from the placenta to the newborn, which can be beneficial for the baby's health and iron stores. Clamping the cord too early can deprive the newborn of this essential blood volume. Waiting for the pulsations to cease ensures that the baby receives the maximum benefits from delayed cord clamping.

5. A patient has been diagnosed with hypothyroidism; the nurse tells the patient not to eat goitrogens. Which of the following is an example of a goitrogen?

• A. Orange
• B. Tomatoes
• C. Cabbage
• D. Grapes

Correct answer: C

Rationale: Cabbage is an example of a goitrogen. Goitrogens are substances that can interfere with thyroid function by inhibiting the uptake of iodine. Cabbage contains compounds that can have this effect and should be consumed in moderation by individuals with hypothyroidism.

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