Nursing Elites

1. The nurse is caring for a client with hyperthyroidism. Which intervention should the nurse implement to manage the client's condition?

• A. Provide a high-calorie diet.
• B. Encourage frequent rest periods.
• C. Restrict fluid intake.
• D. Administer a stool softener.

Correct answer: B

Rationale: Encouraging frequent rest periods is essential in managing hyperthyroidism as it helps address the fatigue and hypermetabolic state commonly associated with this condition. Rest is crucial to support the body's recovery and reduce the stress on the thyroid gland. While nutrition is important in managing hyperthyroidism, providing a high-calorie diet is not the priority intervention. Restricting fluid intake is not typically necessary unless there are specific indications such as heart failure. Administering a stool softener is not directly related to managing hyperthyroidism.

2. When creating a care plan for a 70-year-old obese client admitted to the postsurgical unit following a colon resection, the client's age and increased body mass index put them at increased risk for which complication in the postoperative period?

• A. Hyperglycemia
• B. Azotemia
• C. Falls
• D. Infection

Correct answer: D

Rationale: Infection is a significant risk in obese, elderly clients due to decreased immunity and increased healing time, making them more susceptible to postoperative infections. Proper infection prevention measures should be a priority in the care plan for this client to minimize this risk.

3. A client with a diagnosis of schizophrenia is being treated with risperidone (Risperdal). Which side effect should the nurse monitor for?

• A. Hypertension
• B. Weight loss
• C. Hyperactivity
• D. Hyperglycemia

Correct answer: D

Rationale: The correct answer is D: Hyperglycemia. Risperidone (Risperdal) can lead to metabolic side effects, such as hyperglycemia, which requires monitoring. Choice A, Hypertension, is incorrect because risperidone is not typically associated with hypertension. Choice B, Weight loss, is less common with risperidone use as it can lead to weight gain. Choice C, Hyperactivity, is not a common side effect of risperidone; instead, it is more known for sedative effects.

4. What is the most appropriate nursing intervention to help alleviate severe abdominal pain in a patient with acute pancreatitis?

• A. Encourage oral intake of clear fluids with electrolytes.
• B. Place the patient in a semi-Fowler's position.
• C. Administer prescribed opioid analgesics.
• D. Apply a cold pack to the abdomen.

Correct answer: C

Rationale: Administering prescribed opioid analgesics is the most appropriate nursing intervention to alleviate severe abdominal pain in a patient with acute pancreatitis. Opioid analgesics help manage severe pain effectively in such cases. Encouraging oral intake of clear fluids with electrolytes is contraindicated due to the need for pancreatic rest and potential exacerbation of symptoms. Placing the patient in a semi-Fowler's position helps reduce pressure on the abdomen, unlike a supine position that can worsen the pain. Applying a cold pack is not recommended as it can potentially increase discomfort and vasoconstriction in acute pancreatitis.

5. The community mental health nurse is planning to visit four clients with schizophrenia today. Which client should the nurse see first?

• A. The mother who took her children from school because aliens were after them.
• B. The young man who has a history of substance abuse and no telephone.
• C. The newly diagnosed client who needs to be evaluated for medication compliance.
• D. The young woman who believes she is to blame for her recent miscarriage.

Correct answer: A

Rationale: The mother who took her children from school due to delusions of aliens poses a significant risk to her children and herself. This situation requires immediate attention to ensure the safety and well-being of all involved. Choice B is concerning due to the history of substance abuse, but the immediate risk to life and safety as in Choice A takes precedence. Choice C, although important, does not present an immediate danger as the delusional belief of aliens. Choice D, while emotionally distressing, does not pose an immediate threat as the situation described in Choice A.

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