ATI LPN
ATI Nutrition Proctored Exam 2019 Answers
1. Which of the following monosaccharides is considered one of the most important in human nutrition along with glucose and fructose?
- A. Lactose.
- B. Galactose.
- C. Maltose.
- D. Sucrose.
Correct answer: B
Rationale: The most important monosaccharides in human nutrition are glucose, fructose, and galactose. Galactose is crucial as it is one of the main components of lactose, a disaccharide sugar found in milk. Therefore, choices A, C, and D are incorrect as lactose, maltose, and sucrose are disaccharides composed of two monosaccharide units.
2. A client with osteoporosis is being taught by a nurse about dietary changes. Which of the following food choices should the nurse recommend to promote bone health?
- A. Leafy green vegetables
- B. Red meat
- C. Fortified orange juice
- D. Whole grains
Correct answer: C
Rationale: The correct answer is C: Fortified orange juice. Fortified orange juice is often supplemented with calcium and vitamin D, both of which are essential for bone health and the prevention of osteoporosis. Leafy green vegetables (choice A) are good for overall health but may not provide sufficient calcium for bone health. Red meat (choice B) is a source of protein but is not a primary source of calcium. Whole grains (choice D) are beneficial for fiber intake but do not contain significant amounts of calcium or vitamin D necessary for bone health.
3. A client has a history of left-sided heart failure. The nurse should look for the presence of which finding to determine whether the problem is currently active?
- A. Presence of ascites
- B. Bilateral lung crackles
- C. Jugular vein distention
- D. Pedal edema bilaterally
Correct answer: B
Rationale: When assessing a client with a history of left-sided heart failure, the presence of bilateral lung crackles is a key finding to determine if the condition is currently active. Crackles in the lungs indicate fluid accumulation, a common sign of left-sided heart failure due to pulmonary congestion. Choices A, C, and D are incorrect because ascites, jugular vein distention, and pedal edema are more commonly associated with right-sided heart failure.
4. Which therapeutic communication statement might a healthcare professional use when a patient’s nursing diagnosis is altered thought processes?
- A. I know you mention hearing voices, but I cannot hear them.
- B. Stop listening to the voices, they are NOT real.
- C. You say you hear voices, what are they telling you?
- D. Please ask the voices to leave you alone for now.
Correct answer: C
Rationale: Choice C is the most appropriate therapeutic communication statement in this scenario. By asking the patient what the voices are telling them, the healthcare professional encourages the patient to express their thoughts and feelings, aiding in understanding their altered thought processes. This approach can help establish a therapeutic relationship and provide valuable insight into the patient's experiences.
5. Which types of acids form the basic building blocks of protein?
- A. fatty
- B. amino
- C. nucleic
- D. omega fatty
Correct answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is 'B: amino.' Amino acids are the fundamental units that make up proteins. They are essential for various bodily functions, including building and repairing tissues. Choice A, 'fatty acids,' are not the basic building blocks of proteins but rather a type of lipid. Choice C, 'nucleic acids,' are the building blocks of nucleic acids like DNA and RNA, not proteins. Choice D, 'omega fatty acids,' are a specific type of fatty acid known for their health benefits but are not directly related to the building blocks of proteins.
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