Nursing Elites

1. What term is used to identify a situation where a specific target and method of attack are identified by a reliable source, such as a bomb in the possession of a known terrorist group targeting a government building in a local community?

• A. Credible threat
• B. Biological event
• C. National disaster
• D. All-hazards approach

Correct answer: A

Rationale: A credible threat is the correct term used to identify a situation where a reliable source specifies both the target and method of attack, such as a bomb possessed by a known terrorist group targeting a government building in a local community. This term signifies a serious and imminent danger substantiated by credible information. Choice B, 'Biological event,' is incorrect as it refers to a different type of threat involving pathogens or biological agents. Choice C, 'National disaster,' is also incorrect as it pertains to large-scale events causing significant harm to a country or region, not a specific targeted attack. Choice D, 'All-hazards approach,' is not the term used to describe a specific identified threat; instead, it refers to a comprehensive strategy that addresses all types of hazards and risks in emergency management.

2. What is the most caring response the student can make in this situation?

• A. Tell the other students that they are being mean and then leave the table.
• B. Shame the students for being so uncaring and cruel.
• C. Ask the other students why they think the instructor is so picky.
• D. Laugh and tell a story of a personal reprimand received from the instructor.

Correct answer: C

Rationale: Choosing to ask the other students why they think the instructor is so picky is a caring response as it opens up a constructive conversation. This approach can help shift the focus from making fun of the instructor to understanding the reasons behind their behavior, fostering empathy, and potentially promoting a more respectful environment. Option A may address the behavior but does not promote understanding. Option B focuses on shaming, which may escalate the situation. Option D diverts attention from the issue and may perpetuate a negative atmosphere.

3. When caring for a patient who just received a terminal diagnosis and is tearful and frightened, what is the best action to demonstrate caring?

• A. Call the patient's spiritual leader to talk to the patient.
• B. Call the patient's family and ask them to come sit with the patient.
• C. Cry with the patient while sympathizing with their situation.
• D. Sit with the patient and listen to their fears.

Correct answer: D

Rationale: In situations where a patient receives a terminal diagnosis and is emotionally distressed, it is essential to provide empathy and support. Sitting with the patient and actively listening to their fears allows the patient to express their emotions and concerns. This action demonstrates genuine care and compassion, showing the patient that their feelings are acknowledged and valued. It creates a therapeutic environment that fosters trust and emotional well-being, helping the patient cope with the distressing news. Calling the patient's spiritual leader (Choice A) may not address the immediate emotional needs of the patient. Calling the patient's family (Choice B) can be comforting but might not directly address the patient's fears. Crying with the patient (Choice C) can blur professional boundaries and may not be as beneficial as actively listening and providing support.

4. On what are most nursing paradigms based?

• A. The nurse's ability to perform procedures with skill
• B. Dr. Jean Watson's transpersonal caring theory
• C. Maslow's theory of hierarchy of needs
• D. Learning by studying nursing theories and clinical experiences

Correct answer: D

Rationale: Most nursing paradigms are founded on the understanding and application of nursing theories through studying them and gaining practical experiences in clinical settings. While the nurse's ability to perform procedures with skill is important, it is not the foundation of nursing paradigms. Dr. Jean Watson's transpersonal caring theory and Maslow's theory of hierarchy of needs are significant in nursing practice but do not serve as the basis for most nursing paradigms. Nursing paradigms are shaped by a combination of studying nursing theories and hands-on clinical experiences, which provide the foundational knowledge and practical skills needed for nursing practice.

5. Which action demonstrates a coparticipative manner in the nursing model of care?

• A. Working with the patient and family to achieve the best outcome.
• B. Encouraging the shy student to participate in class discussions, demonstrating transpersonal caring.
• C. Finding a way for a patient to see a dog, understanding the patient's needs.
• D. Accepting individuals for who they are, maintaining a nonjudgmental attitude.

Correct answer: A

Rationale: A coparticipative manner in the nursing model of care involves collaborating with the patient and family to achieve the best outcome. This approach emphasizes working together as a team to address healthcare needs and make decisions. While encouraging a shy student, understanding a patient's needs, and maintaining a nonjudgmental attitude are all important aspects of nursing care, the coparticipative manner specifically focuses on partnership and shared decision-making in the care process.

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