ATI LPN
Medical Surgical ATI Proctored Exam
1. During a home visit, the nurse should evaluate the adequacy of a client's COPD treatment by assessing for which primary symptom?
- A. Dyspnea
- B. Tachycardia
- C. Unilateral diminished breath sounds
- D. Edema of the ankles
Correct answer: A
Rationale: Assessing for dyspnea is crucial when evaluating COPD treatment effectiveness as it is a primary symptom of the condition. Dyspnea, or difficulty breathing, is a common and distressing symptom in COPD patients. Monitoring the severity of dyspnea can provide valuable insights into the client's response to treatment and disease progression.
2. The healthcare provider is providing care to a client with a tracheostomy. Which action should the healthcare provider take to prevent tracheostomy complications?
- A. Use sterile technique when performing tracheostomy care.
- B. Suction the tracheostomy tube every hour.
- C. Keep the tracheostomy tube cuff inflated at all times.
- D. Change the tracheostomy ties daily.
Correct answer: A
Rationale: Using sterile technique when performing tracheostomy care is essential to prevent infections and other complications. Proper sterile technique helps reduce the risk of introducing harmful bacteria into the tracheostomy site, which can lead to infections and other serious issues. By maintaining a sterile environment during tracheostomy care, the healthcare provider can promote healing and prevent potential complications.
3. What is the primary goal of health education?
- A. To diagnose diseases
- B. To change behavior for improved health
- C. To provide emergency medical care
- D. To perform surgeries
Correct answer: B
Rationale: The primary goal of health education is to empower individuals with knowledge and skills to make informed decisions and adopt behaviors that lead to improved health outcomes. It focuses on promoting healthy habits, disease prevention, and overall well-being.
4. When teaching a new mother how to perform perineal care, which instruction should be included?
- A. Use a front-to-back motion when cleaning the perineal area
- B. Use a peri-bottle filled with warm water after each voiding
- C. Avoid using any cleansing solution on the perineal area
- D. Apply powder to the perineal area to keep it dry
Correct answer: B
Rationale: Using a peri-bottle filled with warm water after each voiding is essential for proper perineal care as it helps cleanse the area without causing irritation and promotes healing. It is important to avoid using a back-to-front motion to prevent introducing bacteria into the urethra, and using powder may increase the risk of infection. Cleansing solutions specifically formulated for perineal care may be recommended but should be used under healthcare provider guidance.
5. A client with newly diagnosed diabetes mellitus is receiving teaching on foot care. Which instruction should the nurse include?
- A. Walk barefoot whenever possible to toughen your feet.
- B. Soak your feet in hot water daily to improve circulation.
- C. Trim your toenails straight across to prevent ingrown toenails.
- D. Use a heating pad to keep your feet warm.
Correct answer: C
Rationale: Correctly trimming toenails straight across is crucial in preventing ingrown toenails and potential infections in individuals with diabetes. Ingrown toenails can lead to complications, so it is essential for diabetic clients to practice proper nail care to avoid these issues. Choices A, B, and D are incorrect. Walking barefoot can increase the risk of foot injuries, soaking feet in hot water can cause burns or skin damage, and using a heating pad can lead to burns or injuries due to decreased sensation in the feet, which is common in diabetes.
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