ATI LPN
Nutrition For PN Nursing ATI
1. Why are bacteria found in the colon important?
- A. synthesize important vitamins.
- B. complete the process of absorption.
- C. synthesize some minerals.
- D. finish the process of digestion.
Correct answer: A
Rationale: Bacteria found in the colon are important because they synthesize important vitamins, such as vitamin K. This aids in the body's overall health and functioning. Choice B is incorrect because absorption primarily occurs in the small intestine, not the colon. Choice C is incorrect as the synthesis of minerals is not a primary function of colon bacteria. Choice D is incorrect as the digestion process mainly occurs in the stomach and small intestine.
2. A chemical feature that distinguishes a saturated fatty acid from an unsaturated fatty acid is the:
- A. arrangement of carbon atoms.
- B. number of oxygen molecules.
- C. number of double bonds.
- D. food source.
Correct answer: C
Rationale: The correct answer is C. Saturated fatty acids have no double bonds between carbon atoms, while unsaturated fatty acids have one or more double bonds. Therefore, the number of double bonds is the chemical feature that distinguishes a saturated fatty acid from an unsaturated fatty acid. Choices A, B, and D are incorrect because the distinguishing factor between saturated and unsaturated fatty acids lies in the presence or absence of double bonds, not in the arrangement of carbon atoms, number of oxygen molecules, or food source.
3. A client with a tracheostomy is exhibiting signs of respiratory distress. What is the first action the nurse should take?
- A. Increase the suction setting on the ventilator
- B. Suction the tracheostomy
- C. Notify the physician immediately
- D. Encourage deep breathing exercises
Correct answer: B
Rationale: The correct first action for a client with a tracheostomy exhibiting signs of respiratory distress is to suction the tracheostomy. This helps clear the airway and improve breathing. Increasing the suction setting on the ventilator is not appropriate as the issue may be related to secretions that need to be directly removed. Notifying the physician should come after providing immediate nursing interventions. Encouraging deep breathing exercises is not suitable when the client is in respiratory distress and needs prompt intervention.
4. A healthcare provider is providing dietary teaching to a client who has chronic kidney disease. Which of the following food choices should the healthcare provider recommend?
- A. A baked potato
- B. A chicken breast
- C. A banana
- D. A cup of orange juice
Correct answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B: A chicken breast. Chicken breast is low in potassium, making it a safe option for clients with chronic kidney disease who need to limit their potassium intake. Foods like bananas and orange juice are high in potassium, which should be avoided or limited by individuals with chronic kidney disease to prevent further kidney damage.
5. Madam Esinam, a 45-year-old trader at the Kotokuraba community market, has brought her 8-year-old daughter Bubunyo to the clinic where you are working. According to her, Bubunyo eats very well but looks like her 5-year-old brother in terms of stature. What investigation would you request to give a definitive diagnosis of Bubunyo's condition?
- A. Renal and Liver function test
- B. Pancreatic function test
- C. Sedimentation rate (ESR)
- D. Growth hormone assessment
Correct answer: D
Rationale: A growth hormone assessment is necessary to definitively diagnose growth hormone deficiency, which could be a possible cause of Bubunyo's growth delay despite adequate nutrition. This test will help determine if Bubunyo's growth issues are related to a lack of growth hormone production.
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