ATI LPN
LPN Pharmacology Practice Test
1. A client with peptic ulcer disease is being taught about managing the disorder. Which of the following statements by the client indicates an understanding of the teaching?
- A. 'I should take NSAIDs for pain relief.'
- B. 'I should avoid drinking alcohol.'
- C. 'I should eat small, frequent meals.'
- D. 'I should drink milk to coat my stomach.'
Correct answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B. Avoiding alcohol is crucial in managing peptic ulcer disease as it helps prevent irritation and further damage to the stomach lining. Alcohol can worsen symptoms and hinder the healing process in individuals with this condition. Choice A is incorrect because NSAIDs can worsen peptic ulcers by irritating the stomach lining. Choice C is a correct dietary recommendation for managing peptic ulcer disease as it helps reduce stomach acid secretion and promotes healing. Choice D is incorrect as milk may temporarily soothe ulcer pain, but it can stimulate acid production and worsen symptoms in the long run.
2. A 9-year-old female client was recently diagnosed with diabetes mellitus. Which symptom will her parents most likely report?
- A. Refuses to eat her favorite meals at home.
- B. Drinks more soft drinks than previously.
- C. Voids only one or two times per day.
- D. Gained 10 pounds within one month.
Correct answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B. Increased thirst and fluid intake, such as drinking more soft drinks than previously, is a common symptom of diabetes mellitus in children. This increased thirst is due to the body trying to eliminate excess sugar through urination, leading to dehydration and the need for more fluids. The other choices are less likely to be directly related to the diagnosis of diabetes mellitus in this scenario.
3. A nurse is preparing to administer a dose of digoxin. Which of the following should the nurse do first?
- A. Assess blood pressure
- B. Check heart rate
- C. Monitor potassium levels
- D. Review the medication order
Correct answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is to check the heart rate first before administering digoxin. Digoxin is a medication that directly affects the heart, so it is crucial to ensure that the heart rate is within the appropriate range before giving the dose. If the heart rate is below 60 bpm, administering digoxin could lead to toxicity. Assessing blood pressure (Choice A) is important but not the first priority when preparing to administer digoxin. Monitoring potassium levels (Choice C) is also crucial for patients on digoxin, but it is not the initial step. Reviewing the medication order (Choice D) is necessary but can be done after checking the heart rate.
4. A client who underwent a total hip replacement is receiving discharge teaching from a nurse. Which instruction should the nurse include?
- A. Avoid crossing your legs at the knees.
- B. Sit only in low chairs for comfort.
- C. Bend at the waist to pick up objects.
- D. Sleep on the affected side to prevent discomfort.
Correct answer: A
Rationale: The correct instruction the nurse should include is to avoid crossing the legs at the knees. This advice helps prevent dislocation of the new hip joint, which is a common concern after a total hip replacement surgery. Crossing the legs can place stress on the hip joint and increase the risk of dislocation. It is important for the client to follow this precaution to promote proper healing and reduce complications postoperatively.
5. A client who is at 10 weeks of gestation reports abdominal pain and moderate vaginal bleeding, with a tentative diagnosis of inevitable abortion. Which of the following nursing interventions should be included in the plan of care?
- A. Administer oxygen via nasal cannula.
- B. Offer the option to view products of conception.
- C. Instruct the client to increase potassium-rich foods in the diet.
- D. Maintain the client on bed rest.
Correct answer: B
Rationale: In cases of inevitable abortion, offering the option to view products of conception can assist in emotional healing and closure for the client. This can provide a sense of acknowledgment and closure for the loss experienced, aiding in the grieving process. Administering oxygen via nasal cannula (choice A) is not directly related to the emotional and psychological support needed during an inevitable abortion. Instructing the client to increase potassium-rich foods (choice C) may not be a priority in this situation. Maintaining the client on bed rest (choice D) may be indicated in some cases but does not address the emotional aspect of the situation.
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