ATI LPN
LPN Pharmacology Practice Test
1. A healthcare provider is reviewing the medication administration record of a client who has a latex allergy. Which of the following medications should the healthcare provider identify as a potential risk for an allergic reaction?
- A. Cefoxitin
- B. Amoxicillin
- C. Erythromycin
- D. Metronidazole
Correct answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A, Cefoxitin. Cefoxitin can contain latex in the stopper of the vial, which may pose a risk for allergic reaction in individuals with latex sensitivity. Amoxicillin, Erythromycin, and Metronidazole do not typically contain latex components in their formulations. Healthcare providers should be vigilant in identifying and avoiding medications with latex components to prevent adverse reactions in patients with known latex allergies.
2. A nurse is caring for a client who has a new diagnosis of oral candidiasis after taking tetracycline for 7 days. The nurse should recognize that candidiasis is a manifestation of which of the following adverse effects?
- A. Allergic response
- B. Superinfection
- C. Renal toxicity
- D. Hepatotoxicity
Correct answer: B
Rationale: Candidiasis is a type of superinfection that can occur when antibiotics, like tetracycline, disrupt the normal flora, allowing overgrowth of fungi. Option A, allergic response, is incorrect because candidiasis is not typically an allergic reaction. Option C, renal toxicity, and option D, hepatotoxicity, are incorrect as they refer to adverse effects on the kidneys and liver, respectively, which are not directly related to the development of candidiasis.
3. A client with a history of myocardial infarction (MI) is being discharged with a prescription for nitroglycerin sublingual tablets. Which instruction should the nurse reinforce?
- A. Store the tablets in a cool, dry place away from light.
- B. Take a tablet every 5 minutes if chest pain occurs.
- C. Place the tablets under the tongue for sublingual absorption.
- D. Take the tablets without water for faster effect.
Correct answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A. Nitroglycerin tablets are light and moisture-sensitive, so they should be stored in a cool, dry place away from light to maintain their effectiveness. Option B advises taking a tablet every 5 minutes, which may lead to overdose as this frequency is too high. Option C emphasizes the correct administration route for sublingual tablets. Option D is incorrect as water is not needed for the tablets to take effect.
4. The Sentrong Sigla Movement aims to enhance health service delivery. Which of the following statements is true about this movement?
- A. It is a project jointly led by the Department of Health and local government units
- B. It serves as a means to secure additional funding from local government units
- C. It promotes disease prevention and control as a priority for health centers
- D. Its primary approach involves certifying health centers meeting DOH standards
Correct answer: D
Rationale: The Sentrong Sigla Movement is a collaborative effort between the Department of Health (DOH) and local government units. Its primary strategy is the certification of health centers that meet the standards established by the DOH. This certification process ensures that health centers provide quality services and comply with the set guidelines, ultimately improving the overall health service delivery in the region.
5. A healthcare provider is reviewing the medical record of a client who is scheduled for surgery. Which of the following findings should the provider report?
- A. White blood cell count of 8,000/mm³
- B. Potassium level of 4.0 mEq/L
- C. Creatinine level of 1.0 mg/dL
- D. Hemoglobin level of 12 g/dL
Correct answer: C
Rationale: An elevated creatinine level indicates impaired kidney function, which may affect the client's ability to undergo surgery. The other laboratory values (white blood cell count, potassium level, and hemoglobin level) are within normal ranges and do not directly impact the client's readiness for surgery.
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