Nursing Elites

1. A healthcare provider is providing discharge teaching to a client who is recovering from acute pancreatitis. Which of the following instructions should the healthcare provider include?

• A. Consume a low-fat diet.
• B. Limit your carbohydrate intake.
• C. Increase your protein intake.
• D. Take acetaminophen for pain management.

Correct answer: A

Rationale: Clients recovering from acute pancreatitis should consume a low-fat diet to reduce the workload on the pancreas and prevent exacerbation. This diet helps in minimizing the stimulation of pancreatic enzyme secretion, which aids in the recovery process. Choices B, C, and D are incorrect as limiting carbohydrate intake or increasing protein intake may not be necessary for acute pancreatitis, and acetaminophen may not be the first-line choice for pain management in this condition.

2. A client has a prescription for ciprofloxacin. Which of the following instructions should the nurse include?

• A. Take the medication with an antacid if you experience gastrointestinal upset.
• B. You should limit your caffeine intake while taking this medication.
• C. This medication may cause your urine to turn dark brown.
• D. You should avoid taking this medication with dairy products.

Correct answer: D

Rationale: The correct answer is D: 'You should avoid taking this medication with dairy products.' Ciprofloxacin should not be taken with dairy products as they can interfere with the absorption of the medication. Choice A is incorrect because ciprofloxacin should not be taken with antacids containing aluminum or magnesium. Choice B is incorrect as there is no specific limitation on caffeine intake associated with ciprofloxacin. Choice C is incorrect as ciprofloxacin does not typically cause urine to turn dark brown.

3. Which intervention is most important for a client with chronic heart failure?

• A. Encourage fluid intake to prevent dehydration
• B. Monitor the client's weight daily to assess fluid balance
• C. Limit sodium intake to reduce fluid retention
• D. Restrict daily activity to prevent fatigue

Correct answer: B

Rationale: The correct answer is to monitor the client's weight daily to assess fluid balance in clients with chronic heart failure. Monitoring weight helps in detecting fluid retention or fluid loss, which is crucial in managing heart failure. Encouraging fluid intake to prevent dehydration (choice A) may worsen fluid overload in heart failure patients. Limiting sodium intake (choice C) is essential but not the most important intervention compared to monitoring weight. Restricting daily activity (choice D) is not recommended as it is important for clients with heart failure to engage in appropriate levels of physical activity to maintain their overall health.

4. A client is learning to use a cane due to left-leg weakness. Which instruction is correct?

• A. Use the cane on the stronger side of the body
• B. Maintain two points of support on the floor at all times
• C. Advance the cane and the strong leg together
• D. Advance the cane 30 to 45 cm with each step

Correct answer: B

Rationale: The correct instruction when using a cane due to leg weakness is to maintain two points of support on the floor at all times. This provides stability and support while walking. Choice A is incorrect because the cane should be used on the weaker side to provide assistance. Choice C is incorrect as the cane and weak leg should move together for support. Choice D is incorrect as advancing the cane too far with each step may compromise balance and stability.

5. A client with acute diverticulitis is receiving teaching from a nurse. Which of the following statements by the client indicates an understanding of the instructions?

• A. I will avoid eating fiber until this condition resolves
• B. I will take a laxative daily
• C. I will receive the nutrients I need through my IV fluids
• D. I will eat only solid foods

Correct answer: A

Rationale: The correct answer is A. During acute diverticulitis, avoiding fiber is essential as it helps reduce irritation of the intestines. Choice B is incorrect because taking a laxative daily can exacerbate diverticulitis. Choice C is incorrect as IV fluids mainly provide hydration and electrolytes, not all essential nutrients. Choice D is incorrect because during acute diverticulitis, a low-fiber or liquid diet is typically recommended to rest the bowel.

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