ATI LPN
PN ATI Capstone Proctored Comprehensive Assessment B Quizlet
1. A nurse is planning care for a client following gastric bypass surgery. The nurse should include which of the following dietary instructions when preparing the client for discharge?
- A. Start each meal with a protein source.
- B. Consume at least 25g of fiber daily.
- C. Check your blood glucose level before each meal.
- D. Limit your meals to three times per day.
Correct answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A: 'Start each meal with a protein source.' Protein is crucial for healing and maintaining muscle mass after gastric bypass surgery, making it essential to include in each meal. Choice B is incorrect because immediately after surgery, the focus is typically on a low-fiber diet to aid in healing. Choice C is unrelated to the nutritional needs following gastric bypass surgery. Choice D is also incorrect as patients recovering from gastric bypass surgery may require more frequent, smaller meals to meet their nutritional needs.
2. It has been generally accepted that the percentage of total daily calories supplied by fats should be no more than:
- A. 10% to 15%.
- B. 10% to 35%.
- C. 20% to 35%.
- D. 40% to 55%.
Correct answer: C
Rationale: The recommended fat intake is between 20% to 35% of total daily calories. This range is considered optimal for maintaining a healthy diet. Choice A (10% to 15%) is too low and might not provide enough essential fats for the body. Choice B (10% to 35%) includes an upper limit that exceeds the generally accepted range. Choice D (40% to 55%) suggests a fat intake that is higher than what is recommended, which could lead to health issues if consumed regularly.
3. Which nutrient group provides the primary source of energy for the body?
- A. Carbohydrates.
- B. Fats.
- C. Proteins.
- D. Vitamins.
Correct answer: A
Rationale: Carbohydrates are the body's primary source of energy. When carbohydrates are consumed, they are broken down into glucose, which is used by the body's cells for energy production. Fats and proteins are also essential nutrients, but carbohydrates are the preferred energy source for the body due to their quick conversion into fuel. Vitamins are not a direct source of energy but play crucial roles in various bodily functions.
4. A 24-year-old man seeks medical attention for complaints of claudication in the arch of the foot. The nurse also notes superficial thrombophlebitis of the lower leg. What should the nurse check the client for next?
- A. Smoking history
- B. Recent exposure to allergens
- C. History of recent insect bites
- D. Familial tendency toward peripheral vascular disease
Correct answer: A
Rationale: In this case, the nurse should check the client's smoking history next. Smoking is a significant risk factor for peripheral vascular disease, leading to the development of thrombophlebitis and claudication. It is important to assess this risk factor as it can significantly impact the client's vascular health and the progression of their current symptoms. Choices B, C, and D are incorrect because they are not directly related to the symptoms described by the client. Recent exposure to allergens or insect bites would typically present with different symptoms, and familial tendency toward peripheral vascular disease is not the immediate concern in this case.
5. A nurse is discussing immunity with a client who has received an immunization. The nurse should identify that an immunization functions as part of which type of immunity?
- A. Innate immunity
- B. Passive immunity
- C. Acquired immunity
- D. Natural immunity
Correct answer: C
Rationale: The correct answer is C: Acquired immunity. Acquired immunity occurs when an individual is given a vaccine or immunization to develop antibodies. This type of immunity is specific and develops after exposure to an antigen. Innate immunity (choice A) is the body's natural defense system present at birth. Passive immunity (choice B) is temporary immunity passed from one individual to another. Natural immunity (choice D) refers to immunity that is not gained through medical intervention or deliberate exposure.
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