ATI LPN
PN ATI Capstone Pharmacology 1 Quiz
1. A nurse is caring for a client with diabetes who is experiencing hypoglycemia. Which of the following interventions should the nurse perform first?
- A. Administer insulin
- B. Give the client a carbohydrate snack
- C. Call for assistance
- D. Monitor blood glucose
Correct answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is to give the client a carbohydrate snack. When a client is experiencing hypoglycemia, the priority intervention is to raise their blood glucose levels quickly. Administering insulin (Choice A) would further lower the blood glucose levels and is contra-indicated in this situation. Calling for assistance (Choice C) may be necessary but is not the priority over addressing the low blood sugar. Monitoring blood glucose (Choice D) is important but not the initial action needed to raise blood glucose levels rapidly.
2. A nurse in a clinic receives a phone call from a client who would like information about pregnancy testing. Which of the following information should the nurse provide to the client?
- A. You should wait 4 weeks after conception to be tested for pregnancy.
- B. You should be off any medications for 24 hours prior to the pregnancy test.
- C. You should not eat or drink for at least 8 hours prior to the pregnancy test.
- D. You should use your first morning urination specimen for a home pregnancy test.
Correct answer: D
Rationale: For the most accurate results, a home pregnancy test should be done using the first morning urine, which contains the highest concentration of hCG.
3. Which of the following is an example of a cognitive-behavioral therapy (CBT) technique?
- A. Free association
- B. Thought stopping
- C. Dream analysis
- D. Systematic desensitization
Correct answer: B
Rationale: Thought stopping is a specific cognitive-behavioral therapy (CBT) technique aimed at helping individuals manage and interrupt negative or intrusive thoughts. This technique involves identifying and stopping negative thought patterns to promote healthier thinking and emotional well-being. Free association and dream analysis are associated with psychoanalytic therapy, while systematic desensitization is a technique commonly used in behavior therapy.
4. To minimize liability, what action should nurses take when accepting telephone orders from physicians?
- A. Ask the physician to follow up with a faxed, written order
- B. Clearly communicate the most likely diagnosis to the physician
- C. Have another staff member talk with the physician and audiotape the conversation
- D. Accept only written orders or those communicated orally, in person
Correct answer: A
Rationale: The best action for nurses to take when accepting telephone orders from physicians to minimize liability is to ask the physician to follow up with a faxed, written order and ensure it is signed within 24 hours. This approach helps ensure clarity, accuracy, and documentation of the physician's orders, reducing the risk of misinterpretation or errors. Choices B, C, and D are incorrect. Communicating a diagnosis is outside the nurse's scope of practice and should be done by the physician. Involving another staff member to audiotape the conversation can introduce legal and practical issues. Accepting only written or orally communicated orders in person may not always be practical or feasible in urgent situations where telephone orders are necessary.
5. What are the MOST important initial steps in assessing and managing a newborn?
- A. Drying and warming the infant, obtaining an APGAR score.
- B. Clearing the airway, keeping the infant warm.
- C. Suctioning the airway, obtaining a heart rate.
- D. Keeping the infant warm, counting respirations.
Correct answer: B
Rationale: The most crucial initial steps in assessing and managing a newborn involve clearing the airway to ensure proper breathing and keeping the infant warm to maintain body temperature. Airway clearance helps prevent respiratory distress, while warmth is essential to prevent hypothermia, a common issue in newborns. These steps are vital in the immediate care of a newborn to support their transition to extrauterine life and ensure their well-being. Choice A is incorrect because obtaining an APGAR score is important but not as critical as clearing the airway. Choice C is incorrect as suctioning the airway is not always necessary and obtaining a heart rate is secondary to ensuring a clear airway and warmth. Choice D is incorrect because counting respirations is not as immediate and crucial as clearing the airway.
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