ATI LPN
PN ATI Capstone Pharmacology 1 Quiz
1. A nurse is assessing a client with pneumonia. Which of the following findings should the nurse expect?
- A. Bradycardia
- B. Increased respiratory rate
- C. Decreased temperature
- D. Elevated blood pressure
Correct answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B: Increased respiratory rate. In pneumonia, the body tries to compensate for the reduced ability to oxygenate the blood by increasing the respiratory rate. This helps to improve oxygen exchange. Bradycardia (Choice A) is not typically associated with pneumonia, as an increased heart rate is more common due to the stress on the body. Decreased temperature (Choice C) is not a typical finding in pneumonia, as infections usually cause a fever. Elevated blood pressure (Choice D) is not a common finding in pneumonia unless there are complications such as sepsis.
2. A client is learning about preventing hip dislocation before total hip arthroplasty. Which instruction should be included?
- A. Avoid bending the hip more than 90 degrees
- B. Avoid lying on the unaffected side
- C. Avoid crossing the legs at the knees
- D. Avoid keeping the legs in a neutral position
Correct answer: C
Rationale: The correct instruction to prevent hip dislocation after total hip arthroplasty is to avoid crossing the legs at the knees. This position can put stress on the hip joint and increase the risk of dislocation. Choices A, B, and D are incorrect. Bending the hip more than 90 degrees, lying on the unaffected side, or keeping the legs in a neutral position are not directly related to preventing hip dislocation in this context.
3. Which of the following best describes the role of a community health nurse?
- A. Providing acute care in hospitals
- B. Conducting surgeries
- C. Promoting health and preventing disease in the community
- D. Diagnosing and treating medical conditions
Correct answer: C
Rationale: The primary role of a community health nurse is to focus on promoting health and preventing disease within the community. They work to improve the overall health and well-being of individuals and populations by providing education, preventive care, and support to enhance community health outcomes. Community health nurses collaborate with community members, organizations, and public health agencies to address health disparities, implement health promotion strategies, and advocate for equitable access to healthcare services.
4. RA 7160 mandates the devolution of basic services from the national government to local government units. What is the primary goal of this devolution?
- A. To strengthen local government units
- B. To allow greater autonomy to local government units
- C. To empower the people and promote their self-reliance
- D. To make basic services more accessible to the people
Correct answer: C
Rationale: The major goal of devolution, as outlined in RA 7160, is to empower the people and promote their self-reliance. By devolving basic services to local government units, the aim is to enhance people's participation in decision-making processes and foster self-reliance within communities, ultimately promoting empowerment and self-sufficiency.
5. A patient with systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) is prescribed hydroxychloroquine. What is the most important instruction the nurse should give?
- A. Report any vision changes immediately.
- B. Take the medication with milk.
- C. Avoid high-fat foods.
- D. Increase intake of green leafy vegetables.
Correct answer: A
Rationale: The correct instruction for a patient prescribed hydroxychloroquine, especially in the context of systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE), is to report any vision changes immediately. Hydroxychloroquine can potentially cause retinal damage, so prompt reporting and ophthalmologic evaluation are essential in preventing irreversible eye complications. Choices B, C, and D are incorrect because they do not address the significant adverse effect of hydroxychloroquine on vision. Taking the medication with milk, avoiding high-fat foods, or increasing intake of green leafy vegetables are not relevant to the primary concern of monitoring for visual changes.
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