ATI LPN
PN ATI Comprehensive Predictor
1. A client is being cared for by a nurse with dehydration. What is the priority intervention?
- A. Administer antiemetics to reduce nausea
- B. Encourage the client to drink oral rehydration solutions
- C. Monitor the client's fluid and electrolyte levels
- D. Administer intravenous fluids
Correct answer: C
Rationale: The correct answer is to monitor the client's fluid and electrolyte levels. When caring for a client with dehydration, it is crucial to assess and monitor their fluid and electrolyte status to guide appropriate interventions. Administering antiemetics may help with nausea but does not address the underlying issue of dehydration. Encouraging the client to drink oral rehydration solutions is beneficial but may not be the immediate priority if the client is severely dehydrated. Administering intravenous fluids may be necessary based on the assessment of fluid and electrolyte levels, making monitoring these levels the priority intervention.
2. A school nurse is providing care for students in an elementary education facility. What intervention by the nurse addresses the primary level of prevention?
- A. Monitor for signs of illness.
- B. Teach students about healthy food choices.
- C. Administer medication to students with chronic conditions.
- D. Monitor immunization compliance.
Correct answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B: Teach students about healthy food choices. Teaching healthy habits like proper nutrition is an example of primary prevention because it aims to prevent disease before it occurs. Choice A, monitoring for signs of illness, is more related to secondary prevention (early detection and treatment). Choice C, administering medication to students with chronic conditions, is a form of tertiary prevention (managing existing conditions to prevent complications). Choice D, monitoring immunization compliance, is also a form of primary prevention but focuses on preventing specific infectious diseases through immunization rather than general health promotion.
3. A nurse is planning care for a client who has Alzheimer's disease and demonstrates confusion and wandering behavior. Which of the following should the nurse include in the plan of care?
- A. Place the client in seclusion when she is confused
- B. Request a prescription for PRN restraints when the client is wandering
- C. Dim the lighting in the client’s room
- D. Leave one side rail up on the client's bed
Correct answer: D
Rationale: The correct answer is to leave one side rail up on the client's bed. This action can help prevent falls while allowing the client to get up safely when needed, reducing the risk of injury from wandering. Placing the client in seclusion (Choice A) is not appropriate as it can lead to increased agitation and distress. Requesting restraints (Choice B) should be avoided as it can increase the risk of injuries and is not recommended for clients with Alzheimer's. Dimming the lighting (Choice C) may increase confusion and disorientation in clients with Alzheimer's disease.
4. A nurse is assessing a client with a history of heart failure. Which of the following findings should the nurse monitor?
- A. Increased energy
- B. Peripheral edema
- C. Elevated heart rate
- D. Improved lung sounds
Correct answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B: Peripheral edema. In heart failure, the heart's inability to pump effectively can lead to fluid backup, causing swelling in the extremities, known as peripheral edema. Monitoring for peripheral edema is crucial as it is a common sign of worsening heart failure. Choices A, C, and D are incorrect because increased energy, elevated heart rate, and improved lung sounds are not typical findings in heart failure. Increased energy is not usually associated with heart failure, an elevated heart rate may occur as a compensatory mechanism but is not a direct sign of heart failure, and improved lung sounds are not expected in heart failure which often presents with crackles or wheezes due to pulmonary congestion.
5. What must be considered when preparing the teaching plan for a patient diagnosed with bipolar disorder who is being prescribed lithium therapy?
- A. Caffeine and alcohol can affect lithium levels.
- B. Lithium should be taken with meals to avoid gastrointestinal distress.
- C. Regular blood tests are required to monitor lithium levels.
- D. Lithium can cause weight gain.
Correct answer: C
Rationale: When preparing a teaching plan for a patient prescribed lithium therapy for bipolar disorder, it is crucial to emphasize the need for regular blood tests to monitor lithium levels. Monitoring levels is essential to ensure the drug's effectiveness and to manage potential side effects. While factors like caffeine and alcohol intake, taking lithium with meals, and the risk of weight gain may be relevant considerations, the primary focus should be on the necessity of regular blood tests for effective management of lithium therapy. Therefore, option C is the correct choice as it addresses a critical aspect of lithium therapy management.
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