Nursing Elites

1. A client with a pressure ulcer is being cared for by a nurse. Which of the following is the most appropriate action?

• A. Use a phenol solution to clean the wound
• B. Place a warm compress over the wound
• C. Cleanse the wound from the center outwards
• D. Administer antibiotics prophylactically

Correct answer: C

Rationale: Cleaning a wound from the center outwards is the most appropriate action as it helps prevent the spread of infection. Choice A is incorrect as phenol solutions can be harmful to the wound and delay healing. Choice B may increase the risk of infection as warmth can promote bacterial growth. Choice D is unnecessary unless there are signs of infection present.

2. A nurse is preparing to administer metoclopramide 10 mg IM. Available is metoclopramide 5 mg/mL. How many mL should the nurse administer?

• A. 1 mL
• B. 2 mL
• C. 3 mL
• D. 4 mL

Correct answer: B

Rationale: To administer 10 mg of metoclopramide, the nurse should administer 2 mL (10 mg / 5 mg per mL). Therefore, the correct answer is 2 mL. Choice A (1 mL) is incorrect because it would only deliver 5 mg of metoclopramide, which is half the required dose. Choice C (3 mL) and D (4 mL) are incorrect as they would provide more than the required dose of 10 mg.

3. What is the priority nursing action for a dehydrated client who needs fluids?

• A. Administer antiemetics to prevent vomiting
• B. Monitor electrolyte levels frequently
• C. Administer oral rehydration solutions
• D. Insert an NG tube for fluid administration

Correct answer: B

Rationale: The correct answer is to monitor electrolyte levels frequently. When a client is dehydrated and needs fluids, it is essential to monitor electrolyte levels to prevent complications such as electrolyte imbalances. Administering antiemetics to prevent vomiting (Choice A) may be necessary but is not the priority when addressing dehydration. Administering oral rehydration solutions (Choice C) can be beneficial, but monitoring electrolyte levels takes precedence to ensure proper hydration. Inserting an NG tube for fluid administration (Choice D) is invasive and not typically the first-line approach for managing dehydration.

4. How should a healthcare provider manage a patient with Type 1 diabetes?

• A. Administer insulin and monitor blood glucose levels
• B. Provide a low-carbohydrate diet and oral hypoglycemics
• C. Administer oral hypoglycemics and provide dietary education
• D. Provide a high-protein diet and insulin injections

Correct answer: A

Rationale: Type 1 diabetes is managed with insulin administration and regular blood glucose monitoring. Choice A is correct because administering insulin is essential in Type 1 diabetes management to help regulate blood glucose levels. Choices B, C, and D are incorrect because Type 1 diabetes requires insulin therapy as the primary treatment, not oral hypoglycemics or dietary modifications like low-carbohydrate or high-protein diets. Monitoring blood glucose levels is crucial in adjusting insulin doses and ensuring optimal management of the condition.

5. What is the most appropriate strategy for a client with an NG tube who is experiencing nausea and decreased gastric secretions?

• A. Increase the suction pressure
• B. Irrigate the NG tube with sterile water
• C. Turn the client onto their side
• D. Replace the NG tube with a new one

Correct answer: B

Rationale: Irrigating the NG tube with sterile water is the most appropriate strategy for a client with an NG tube experiencing nausea and decreased gastric secretions. This intervention helps in relieving blockages within the tube and can help reduce nausea by ensuring proper drainage. Increasing the suction pressure (Choice A) can lead to complications and should not be done without healthcare provider orders. Turning the client onto their side (Choice C) is a general measure for patient comfort but does not directly address the issue with the NG tube. Replacing the NG tube with a new one (Choice D) is not necessary unless there are specific indications like tube damage or dislodgement.

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