ATI LPN
PN ATI Capstone Proctored Comprehensive Assessment Form B
1. A client is experiencing suicidal thoughts and states, 'Why not end my misery?' What is the best response by the nurse?
- A. Why do you think your life isn’t worth living anymore?
- B. Do you have a plan to end your life?
- C. I need to understand what you mean by misery.
- D. You can trust me to share your thoughts.
Correct answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B: 'Do you have a plan to end your life?' When a client expresses suicidal thoughts, it is crucial to assess the immediate risk. Inquiring about a specific plan can help determine the seriousness of the situation. Choice A is less direct and may not provide a clear indication of the immediate risk. Choice C focuses on the interpretation of 'misery' rather than assessing the risk of suicide. Choice D offers support but does not address the critical assessment of the client's immediate safety.
2. A client has a new prescription for a low-sodium diet. Which of the following foods should the nurse recommend?
- A. Pickles
- B. Canned soup
- C. Fresh fruits
- D. Smoked salmon
Correct answer: C
Rationale: Fresh fruits are naturally low in sodium, making them a suitable choice for a low-sodium diet. They provide essential nutrients and are a healthy option for individuals who need to limit their sodium intake. Pickles (Choice A) and canned soup (Choice B) are typically high in sodium and should be avoided in a low-sodium diet. Smoked salmon (Choice D) is also usually high in sodium due to the smoking process, so it is not a recommended choice for a low-sodium diet.
3. What is the MOST common cause of shock in infants and children?
- A. Severe allergic reaction
- B. Dehydration
- C. Accidental poisoning
- D. Cardiac failure
Correct answer: B
Rationale: Dehydration is the most common cause of shock in infants and children. In children, the body's fluid reserves are smaller compared to adults, making them more susceptible to dehydration, which can lead to shock if not promptly addressed. Severe allergic reactions, accidental poisoning, and cardiac failure can also cause shock, but dehydration is the most frequent cause in this age group.
4. A nurse is providing discharge teaching for a client who has COPD about nutrition. Which of the following instructions should the nurse include?
- A. Eat three large meals daily
- B. Consume high-calorie, high-protein foods
- C. Limit caffeinated drinks to two per day
- D. Drink fluids between meals
Correct answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B: 'Consume high-calorie, high-protein foods.' Clients with COPD often have increased energy needs due to the work of breathing. Consuming high-calorie, high-protein foods can help provide the necessary energy and prevent weight loss. Choice A is incorrect because eating three large meals daily may lead to increased shortness of breath due to a full stomach. Choice C is incorrect because limiting caffeinated drinks is important, but the recommendation should focus on reducing intake, not specifying a number. Choice D is incorrect because drinking fluids during mealtime can lead to early satiety, making it difficult for the client to consume enough calories.
5. What are the key signs of infection after surgery?
- A. Redness
- B. Swelling
- C. Fever
- D. All of the above
Correct answer: D
Rationale: After surgery, key signs of infection include redness, swelling, and fever. Redness and swelling can indicate inflammation at the surgical site, while fever is a systemic response to infection. Choosing 'All of the above' (Option D) is the correct answer because all three signs are commonly associated with post-surgical infections. Options A, B, and C are incorrect as each of them individually can be a sign of infection, but considering all three together provides a more comprehensive assessment for post-operative infection.
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