ATI LPN
ATI PN Comprehensive Predictor 2024
1. A client post-lumbar puncture should be in which position?
- A. High Fowler's position
- B. Prone position
- C. Supine position
- D. Sitting position
Correct answer: C
Rationale: The most appropriate position for a client post-lumbar puncture is the supine position. Placing the client in a supine position helps prevent spinal headaches by allowing the puncture site to seal effectively and reducing the risk of cerebrospinal fluid leakage. High Fowler's position, prone position, and sitting position are not recommended after a lumbar puncture as they may increase the risk of complications like spinal headaches.
2. A nurse is caring for a client with an NG tube who is experiencing nausea and decreased gastric secretions. What is the priority nursing action?
- A. Increase the suction pressure
- B. Turn the client onto their side
- C. Irrigate the NG tube with sterile water
- D. Replace the NG tube with a new one
Correct answer: D
Rationale: The correct answer is to replace the NG tube with a new one. When a client with an NG tube experiences nausea and decreased gastric secretions, it indicates a possible problem with the tube itself. Replacing the tube ensures proper functioning and can alleviate the symptoms. Increasing the suction pressure (Choice A) can worsen the client's condition. Turning the client onto their side (Choice B) may be helpful in some situations but does not address the underlying issue. Irrigating the NG tube with sterile water (Choice C) is not the priority and may not resolve the problem.
3. What are the early signs of sepsis in a patient?
- A. Increased heart rate and fever
- B. Low blood pressure and confusion
- C. Elevated blood sugar and sweating
- D. Increased urine output and abdominal pain
Correct answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A: Increased heart rate and fever. These are early signs of sepsis and indicate a systemic infection. It is crucial to identify these signs promptly to initiate appropriate treatment. Choice B is incorrect because low blood pressure and confusion are more indicative of severe sepsis or septic shock rather than early signs. Choice C is incorrect as elevated blood sugar and sweating are not typical early signs of sepsis. Choice D is also incorrect as increased urine output and abdominal pain are not early signs of sepsis.
4. Which intervention is most important for a client with chronic heart failure?
- A. Encourage fluid intake to prevent dehydration
- B. Monitor the client's weight daily to assess fluid balance
- C. Limit sodium intake to reduce fluid retention
- D. Restrict daily activity to prevent fatigue
Correct answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is to monitor the client's weight daily to assess fluid balance in clients with chronic heart failure. Monitoring weight helps in detecting fluid retention or fluid loss, which is crucial in managing heart failure. Encouraging fluid intake to prevent dehydration (choice A) may worsen fluid overload in heart failure patients. Limiting sodium intake (choice C) is essential but not the most important intervention compared to monitoring weight. Restricting daily activity (choice D) is not recommended as it is important for clients with heart failure to engage in appropriate levels of physical activity to maintain their overall health.
5. How should a healthcare provider assess a patient with sepsis?
- A. Monitor vital signs and administer fluids
- B. Monitor for fever and administer antibiotics
- C. Check for tachycardia and elevated white blood cell count
- D. Administer fluids and provide nutritional support
Correct answer: A
Rationale: In sepsis, it is crucial to monitor vital signs to assess the patient's condition and administer fluids to maintain circulation. This approach helps in stabilizing blood pressure and perfusion. While monitoring for fever and administering antibiotics (choice B) is important in managing sepsis, the initial priority lies in assessing and stabilizing the patient's hemodynamic status. Checking for tachycardia and elevated white blood cell count (choice C) can be part of the assessment but does not encompass the immediate intervention needed in sepsis. Administering fluids and providing nutritional support (choice D) are essential in managing sepsis, but the primary step should be to assess the patient's condition through vital sign monitoring.
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