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ATI Mental Health Proctored Exam 2019
1. A client is undergoing systematic desensitization for an extreme fear of elevators. Which of the following actions should be implemented with this form of therapy?
- A. Demonstrate riding in an elevator, then ask the client to imitate the behavior.
- B. Advise the client to say “stop” out loud every time they begin to feel an anxiety response related to an elevator.
- C. Gradually expose the client to an elevator while practicing relaxation techniques.
- D. Stay with the client in an elevator until the anxiety response diminishes.
Correct answer: C
Rationale: Systematic desensitization is a type of therapy used to help individuals overcome phobias or anxieties. It involves gradually exposing the client to the feared object or situation, in this case, an elevator, while simultaneously practicing relaxation techniques. This process helps the client associate relaxation with the previously feared stimulus, gradually reducing anxiety levels over time. Choice A is incorrect as it involves imitation rather than gradual exposure. Choice B is incorrect as it focuses on a verbal response rather than the systematic process of exposure and relaxation. Choice D is incorrect as it does not involve the systematic approach of gradually exposing the client while teaching relaxation techniques.
2. Which disease was declared as a target for eradication in the Philippines through Presidential Proclamation No. 4?
- A. Poliomyelitis
- B. Measles
- C. Rabies
- D. Neonatal Tetanus
Correct answer: B
Rationale: Presidential Proclamation No. 4 in the Philippines declared measles as a target for eradication through the Ligtas Tigdas Program. This program aims to eliminate measles, making it the correct choice in this case.
3. A school nurse is developing a teaching plan about testicular cancer for a group of adolescents. What information should the nurse include in the teaching?
- A. Expect pain in the testicles during self-examination.
- B. The testicles should be uniform in size and shape when examined.
- C. Expect testicles to be uniform in consistency when performing a testicular self-examination.
- D. The testicles will shrink if cancer is present.
Correct answer: C
Rationale: The correct answer is C because during a testicular self-examination, it is crucial to note a uniform consistency of the testicles. Any lumps, changes in size, or inconsistencies should be reported to a healthcare provider promptly. Choice A is incorrect because pain is not typically expected during a testicular self-examination. Choice B is incorrect as uniform size and shape are not as relevant as uniform consistency. Choice D is incorrect; testicular cancer usually causes enlargement rather than shrinking of the testicles.
4. Where do many people get medical insurance from?
- A. The primary care physician
- B. The local clinic
- C. Social security office
- D. The employer
Correct answer: D
Rationale: Many people obtain medical insurance through their employer. This is a common practice where employers offer health insurance benefits to their employees as part of their employment package. Choice A, primary care physician, is incorrect as they provide medical care, not insurance. Choice B, the local clinic, is incorrect as clinics offer medical services, not insurance. Choice C, social security office, is incorrect as it is not a typical source for obtaining medical insurance.
5. A healthcare professional is reviewing the health history of an older adult who has a hip fracture. What is a risk factor for developing pressure injuries?
- A. Dehydration
- B. Urinary incontinence
- C. Poor nutrition
- D. Poor tissue perfusion
Correct answer: B
Rationale: Urinary incontinence is a risk factor for developing pressure injuries due to prolonged skin exposure to moisture and irritants. Dehydration (choice A) can contribute to skin dryness but is not a direct risk factor for pressure injuries. Poor nutrition (choice C) can affect wound healing but is not specifically linked to pressure injuries. Poor tissue perfusion (choice D) can increase the risk of tissue damage but is not as directly associated with pressure injuries as urinary incontinence.
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