ATI LPN
ATI Mental Health Practice A 2023
1. A healthcare professional is assessing a patient with major depressive disorder. Which finding is most concerning?
- A. Decreased interest in activities
- B. Feelings of worthlessness
- C. Difficulty sleeping
- D. Changes in appetite
Correct answer: C
Rationale: Among the symptoms listed, difficulty sleeping is particularly concerning in patients with major depressive disorder. Insomnia or other sleep disturbances can exacerbate depressive symptoms and increase the risk of suicidal ideation. Healthcare professionals should address sleep issues promptly to provide appropriate interventions and prevent further complications.
2. A client diagnosed with coronary artery disease (CAD) reports chest pain radiating to the left arm. The nurse checks the client's blood pressure and administers nitroglycerin 0.4 mg sublingually. Five minutes later, the client is still experiencing chest pain. What is the next appropriate nursing action?
- A. Administer another dose of nitroglycerin.
- B. Notify the healthcare provider immediately.
- C. Have the client lie down and stay calm.
- D. Give the client aspirin 325 mg to chew.
Correct answer: A
Rationale: If chest pain persists after the first dose of nitroglycerin, it is appropriate to administer a second dose while continuing to monitor the client's response. Nitroglycerin helps dilate blood vessels and improve blood flow to the heart, relieving chest pain associated with coronary artery disease. Reassessing the client's response to a second dose is crucial before considering other interventions like contacting the healthcare provider or providing additional medications. Administering another dose of nitroglycerin aligns with the standard protocol for managing ongoing chest pain in clients with CAD.
3. Feces are composed mainly of bacteria, mucosal cells, mucus, and what else?
- A. bile
- B. enzymes
- C. fiber
- D. chyme
Correct answer: C
Rationale: The correct answer is 'C: fiber.' Feces are primarily made up of indigestible material, such as fiber. Bile (choice A) is produced by the liver to aid in digestion but is not a major component of feces. Enzymes (choice B) are involved in digestion but are not a significant component of feces. Chyme (choice D) is the semi-fluid mass of partially digested food that moves from the stomach to the small intestine and is not a major component of feces.
4. A client with a history of atrial fibrillation is prescribed warfarin (Coumadin). Which laboratory test should the nurse monitor to determine the effectiveness of the medication?
- A. Platelet count.
- B. Prothrombin time (PT) and international normalized ratio (INR).
- C. Activated partial thromboplastin time (aPTT).
- D. Fibrinogen level.
Correct answer: B
Rationale: Prothrombin time (PT) and international normalized ratio (INR) are essential laboratory tests to monitor the effectiveness of warfarin (Coumadin) therapy. These tests help assess the clotting time and the desired anticoagulant effect of the medication. Monitoring PT and INR levels is crucial to ensure that the client is within the therapeutic range, reducing the risk of bleeding or clotting complications associated with warfarin therapy. Platelet count (Choice A) measures the number of platelets in the blood and is not specific for monitoring warfarin therapy. Activated partial thromboplastin time (aPTT) (Choice C) is more commonly used to monitor heparin therapy, not warfarin. Fibrinogen level (Choice D) assesses the amount of fibrinogen in the blood and is not a specific test for monitoring warfarin therapy.
5. A client with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) is receiving oxygen therapy. Which intervention should the nurse implement to ensure the client's safety?
- A. Increase the oxygen flow rate to 6 liters/minute if the client is short of breath.
- B. Instruct the client to breathe deeply and cough frequently.
- C. Use a nasal cannula to deliver oxygen at a low flow rate.
- D. Encourage the client to remove the oxygen when eating or drinking.
Correct answer: C
Rationale: Using a nasal cannula to deliver oxygen at a low flow rate is the appropriate intervention for clients with COPD receiving oxygen therapy. High flow rates can lead to respiratory depression in COPD patients. This intervention helps maintain a safe and controlled oxygen delivery to prevent potential complications associated with high oxygen flow rates.
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