ATI LPN
Pharmacology for LPN
1. A nurse is assessing a client who is taking amiodarone. Which of the following findings should the nurse report to the provider?
- A. Dry skin
- B. Weight loss
- C. Bradycardia
- D. Productive cough
Correct answer: D
Rationale: A productive cough can indicate pulmonary toxicity, a serious side effect of amiodarone, and should be reported. Dry skin is not typically associated with amiodarone use. Weight loss is a common side effect of amiodarone but not generally a cause for concern unless severe. Bradycardia is a known side effect of amiodarone and may not necessarily require immediate reporting unless symptomatic.
2. How should a healthcare professional monitor a patient receiving IV potassium?
- A. Monitor ECG for dysrhythmias
- B. Monitor urine output
- C. Monitor serum potassium levels
- D. All of the above
Correct answer: D
Rationale: When a patient is receiving IV potassium, it is crucial to monitor various parameters to ensure patient safety. Monitoring the ECG helps in identifying any potential dysrhythmias that may occur due to potassium imbalances. Monitoring urine output is important as potassium levels can affect renal function. Monitoring serum potassium levels is essential to assess the effectiveness of the IV potassium therapy. Therefore, all the options - monitoring ECG for dysrhythmias, urine output, and serum potassium levels - are necessary when administering IV potassium, making 'All of the above' the correct answer. Choices A, B, and C are not individually sufficient as they each address different aspects of patient monitoring when receiving IV potassium.
3. What is the purpose of the Expanded Program on Immunization (EPI)?
- A. To provide emergency medical services
- B. To ensure all children receive routine immunizations
- C. To offer specialized treatments for rare diseases
- D. To manage chronic health conditions
Correct answer: B
Rationale: The Expanded Program on Immunization (EPI) is designed to ensure that all children receive routine immunizations to prevent common infectious diseases. It focuses on providing vaccinations to children to build immunity against various preventable diseases, thus contributing to public health by reducing the spread of infectious illnesses.
4. A patient with systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) is prescribed hydroxychloroquine. What is the most important instruction the nurse should give?
- A. Report any vision changes immediately.
- B. Take the medication with milk.
- C. Avoid high-fat foods.
- D. Increase intake of green leafy vegetables.
Correct answer: A
Rationale: The correct instruction for a patient prescribed hydroxychloroquine, especially in the context of systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE), is to report any vision changes immediately. Hydroxychloroquine can potentially cause retinal damage, so prompt reporting and ophthalmologic evaluation are essential in preventing irreversible eye complications. Choices B, C, and D are incorrect because they do not address the significant adverse effect of hydroxychloroquine on vision. Taking the medication with milk, avoiding high-fat foods, or increasing intake of green leafy vegetables are not relevant to the primary concern of monitoring for visual changes.
5. A client undergoing bariatric surgery is being taught about postoperative dietary changes by a nurse. Which statement by the client indicates an understanding of the teaching?
- A. I will drink carbonated beverages after surgery
- B. I will eat large meals after surgery
- C. I will avoid consuming solid foods for several weeks
- D. I will avoid taking small sips of liquids
Correct answer: C
Rationale: The correct answer is C because avoiding solid foods after bariatric surgery is crucial to prevent complications and promote healing. Choice A is incorrect as carbonated beverages can cause discomfort and should be avoided. Choice B is incorrect as large meals are not suitable after bariatric surgery. Choice D is incorrect as taking small sips of liquids is encouraged to prevent dehydration and promote recovery.
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