Nursing Elites

1. A nurse is administering lorazepam to a client who is scheduled for surgery within 1 hr. Which of the following actions should the nurse take after administering the medication?

• A. Keep the client awake
• B. Instruct the client not to get out of bed
• C. Encourage the client to drink fluids
• D. Encourage early ambulation

Correct answer: B

Rationale: The correct answer is to instruct the client not to get out of bed. Lorazepam is a sedative that can cause drowsiness and impair coordination. By instructing the client not to get out of bed, the nurse helps prevent falls or injuries that could occur due to the medication's sedative effects. Choice A is incorrect as keeping the client awake may not be necessary and could lead to unnecessary discomfort. Choice C is incorrect as encouraging the client to drink fluids is not directly related to the administration of lorazepam. Choice D is incorrect as early ambulation is not safe immediately after administering a sedative medication.

2. A client with asthma and a new prescription for an ipratropium inhaler is being taught by a nurse. Which statement by the client indicates an understanding of the teaching?

• A. I will rinse my mouth after each use
• B. I should wait 5 minutes before taking a second puff
• C. I should take this medication when I wake up
• D. I should wait 1 minute before taking a second puff

Correct answer: D

Rationale: The correct answer is D because waiting 1 minute between puffs ensures proper absorption of the medication. Choice A is incorrect as rinsing the mouth is not a specific instruction related to using the inhaler. Choice B is incorrect as waiting 5 minutes between puffs is longer than necessary. Choice C is incorrect as the timing of medication administration is not specified in the question.

3. A nurse in a long-term care facility is reviewing information about health care-associated infections with a newly licensed nurse. Which of the following information should the nurse include?

• A. Frequent hand washing prevents infection
• B. Prolonged use of corticosteroids increases infection risk
• C. Limit patient interaction to reduce infection spread
• D. Restrict client movement to prevent contamination

Correct answer: B

Rationale: The correct answer is B because prolonged use of corticosteroids is a known risk factor for infections. Choice A is incorrect because frequent hand washing actually helps prevent infections. Choice C is incorrect as patient interaction is essential in healthcare but should be done following proper infection control measures. Choice D is also incorrect as restricting client movement is not a standard practice to prevent contamination.

4. A client diagnosed with gout is receiving dietary instruction from a nurse. What dietary advice should be provided?

• A. Limit intake of fresh fruits and uncooked vegetables
• B. Limit intake of red meat and shellfish
• C. Limit intake of dairy products
• D. Increase intake of leafy greens

Correct answer: B

Rationale: The correct answer is to limit the intake of red meat and shellfish. These foods are high in purines, which can increase uric acid levels and trigger gout flare-ups. Fresh fruits, uncooked vegetables, dairy products, and leafy greens are generally not associated with exacerbating gout symptoms and do not need to be significantly restricted in the diet of someone with gout.

5. A nurse is assessing the remote memory of an older adult client who has mild dementia. Which of the following questions should the nurse ask the client?

• A. Can you tell me who visited you today?
• B. What high school did you graduate from?
• C. Can you list your current medications?
• D. What did you have for breakfast yesterday?

Correct answer: B

Rationale: The correct answer is B: 'What high school did you graduate from?' Remote memory involves recalling past events, such as educational history, making option B the most appropriate question to assess this aspect of memory in an older adult with mild dementia. Option A pertains to recent memory. Option C focuses on short-term memory. Option D addresses recent memory as well.

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