ATI LPN
PN ATI Capstone Fundamentals Quiz
1. A nurse in a provider's office is assessing the motor skill development of a 15-month-old toddler during a well-child visit. What gross motor skills should the nurse expect to observe?
- A. Walks without assistance using a wide stance
- B. Climbs stairs with assistance
- C. Runs smoothly
- D. Kicks a ball forward
Correct answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A. At 15 months, toddlers typically walk independently but may do so with a wide stance for balance. Choice B, climbing stairs with assistance, is more common around 18 months. Choice C, running smoothly, is usually achieved around 2 years of age. Choice D, kicking a ball forward, generally develops around 2 to 3 years of age. Therefore, for a 15-month-old toddler, the nurse should expect the child to walk without assistance using a wide stance for balance.
2. A nurse is caring for a client who delivered a full-term newborn 16 hours ago. The nurse notes excessive lochia discharge. Which of the following actions should the nurse take first?
- A. Administer pain medication
- B. Perform a fundal massage
- C. Check the baby's heart rate
- D. Apply an ice pack
Correct answer: B
Rationale: Performing a fundal massage is the priority action in a postpartum client experiencing excessive lochia discharge. Fundal massage helps prevent postpartum hemorrhage by ensuring the uterus contracts effectively. Administering pain medication, checking the baby's heart rate, and applying an ice pack are not the initial interventions needed to address excessive lochia discharge.
3. When does the rash in typhoid fever typically appear?
- A. On the second day after symptoms appear
- B. On the third day after symptoms appear
- C. On the fourth day after symptoms appear
- D. On the seventh day after symptoms appear
Correct answer: B
Rationale: In typhoid fever, the rash typically appears on the third day after symptoms first appear. This rash can help in diagnosing the disease along with other symptoms such as fever, malaise, and abdominal pain. Choices A, C, and D are incorrect because the rash in typhoid fever usually appears on the third day, not the second, fourth, or seventh day after the symptoms begin.
4. A postpartum client who delivered a healthy newborn is being assessed by a nurse. Which finding would indicate a complication during the early postpartum period?
- A. Moderate lochia rubra
- B. Bradycardia
- C. Elevated blood pressure
- D. Uterine contraction
Correct answer: C
Rationale: An elevated blood pressure in the postpartum period may indicate the onset of preeclampsia, a serious complication that requires immediate medical attention. Preeclampsia is characterized by high blood pressure, protein in the urine, and sometimes swelling in the hands and face. If left untreated, preeclampsia can lead to serious complications for both the mother and the baby. Therefore, it is crucial for healthcare providers to closely monitor blood pressure levels in postpartum clients to promptly address any signs of preeclampsia. Choices A, B, and D are not indicative of a complication during the early postpartum period. Moderate lochia rubra is a normal finding as it indicates the normal discharge of blood and tissue from the uterus after childbirth. Bradycardia, a slow heart rate, is not typically a concern in the absence of other symptoms or signs of distress. Uterine contractions are essential for involution and are expected in the postpartum period.
5. The client has been prescribed atorvastatin (Lipitor) for hyperlipidemia. Which instruction should the nurse provide to the client?
- A. Take the medication in the morning with breakfast.
- B. Avoid drinking grapefruit juice while taking this medication.
- C. Increase your intake of dietary fiber while on this medication.
- D. Avoid eating foods high in potassium.
Correct answer: B
Rationale: The correct instruction for the nurse to provide to the client prescribed atorvastatin (Lipitor) for hyperlipidemia is to avoid drinking grapefruit juice while taking this medication. Grapefruit juice can interfere with the metabolism of atorvastatin, leading to an increased risk of side effects. It is crucial for the client to adhere to this instruction to ensure the effectiveness and safety of the treatment. Choices A, C, and D are incorrect because taking the medication with breakfast, increasing dietary fiber intake, and avoiding foods high in potassium are not specific instructions related to atorvastatin therapy for hyperlipidemia.
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