Nursing Elites

1. A new mother expresses concern about her baby's frequent hiccups. What should the nurse explain about newborn hiccups?

• A. Hiccups are a sign of respiratory distress in newborns.
• B. Hiccups indicate the baby is overeating.
• C. Hiccups are common and usually harmless in newborns.
• D. Hiccups are caused by a lack of burping.

Correct answer: C

Rationale: Newborn hiccups are common and usually harmless. They are typically caused by the baby's immature diaphragm and tend to resolve on their own. It is essential for parents to understand that hiccups in newborns are a normal phenomenon and do not necessarily indicate any underlying health issue. Choice A is incorrect because hiccups are not a sign of respiratory distress in newborns. Choice B is incorrect as hiccups do not indicate the baby is overeating. Choice D is also incorrect as hiccups are not solely caused by a lack of burping.

2. The healthcare provider assesses the vital signs of a 12-month-old infant with a respiratory infection and notes that the respiratory rate is 35 breaths/minute. Based on this finding, which action is most appropriate?

• A. Administer oxygen
• B. Document the findings
• C. Notify the healthcare provider
• D. Reassess the respiratory rate in 15 minutes

Correct answer: B

Rationale: Documenting the findings is the most appropriate action since a respiratory rate of 35 breaths per minute falls within the normal range for a 12-month-old infant. There is no immediate need for interventions such as administering oxygen or notifying the healthcare provider. Reassessing the respiratory rate in 15 minutes is unnecessary as the rate is within normal limits.

3. Which of the following techniques represents the MOST appropriate method of opening the airway of an infant with no suspected neck injury?

• A. Perform the technique as you would for an older child or adult.
• B. Lift up the chin and hyperextend the neck.
• C. Gently lift the chin while maintaining slight flexion of the neck.
• D. Tilt the head back without hyperextending the neck.

Correct answer: D

Rationale: Tilting the head back without hyperextending the neck is the safest way to open an infant's airway. Hyperextending the neck can potentially cause harm to the infant, making option D the most appropriate method for opening an infant's airway without suspected neck injury.

4. A mother of a 2-year-old child complains that her child has a fever, sore mouth, and red eye. What will be the possible diagnosis?

• A. TB
• B. Meningitis
• C. Measles
• D. Pertussis

Correct answer: C

Rationale: The correct answer is C, Measles. Measles commonly presents with symptoms such as fever, sore mouth, and red eyes. These characteristic symptoms help differentiate measles from the other conditions listed. Tuberculosis (Choice A) typically presents with respiratory symptoms, Meningitis (Choice B) commonly presents with symptoms like headache, neck stiffness, and altered mental status, while Pertussis (Choice D) is characterized by severe coughing spells. Therefore, in this case, the symptoms described align more closely with measles.

5. Sometimes, people with congestive heart failure develop arrhythmias of the heart. These irregular rhythms can be conducive to developing a blood clot. Physicians frequently treat people with 'blood thinning' medicines that require regulation of the density of the blood. Which of these is the name for a blood-thinner?

• A. Erythromycin
• B. Tetracycline
• C. Warfarin
• D. Amoxicillin

Correct answer: C

Rationale: Warfarin is a medication commonly used as a blood thinner to prevent blood clot formation. It works by inhibiting the clotting factors in the blood, thereby reducing the risk of clot formation and helping in the management of conditions like congestive heart failure and arrhythmias. Choices A, B, and D are antibiotics and do not have blood-thinning properties like Warfarin.

Similar Questions