Nursing Elites

1. A 5-year-old boy was struck by a car when he ran out into the street. When you arrive at the scene and approach the child, you see him lying supine approximately 15 feet from the car. Based on the child's age and mechanism of injury, which of the following should you suspect to be his PRIMARY injury?

• A. Lower leg injury
• B. Head injury
• C. Upper thorax injury
• D. Pelvic injury

Correct answer: D

Rationale: Given the mechanism of injury and the distance the child was thrown, a primary pelvic injury should be suspected due to the high impact and force. The pelvis is a common site for significant injury in such cases, and the distance the child was thrown indicates a high-energy impact that could lead to pelvic fractures or injuries.

2. Madam Serwaa's 7-month-old baby was admitted to your ward with malnutrition. The child has diarrhea with signs of moderate dehydration but can drink. Which of the following will be the most appropriate fluid for Madam Serwaa's baby?

• A. ORS
• B. Resomal
• C. Rice water
• D. I.V. Ringer's lactate

Correct answer: A

Rationale: For a 7-month-old baby with diarrhea and signs of moderate dehydration who can still drink, the most appropriate fluid is Oral Rehydration Solution (ORS). ORS helps in rehydrating the body and replenishing lost electrolytes, making it essential in managing dehydration due to diarrhea.

3. A 6-year-old child is admitted to the hospital with pneumonia. An immediate priority in this child's nursing care would be:

• A. Elimination
• B. Exercise
• C. Nutrition
• D. Rest

Correct answer: D

Rationale: Rest is crucial for recovery in a child with pneumonia as it allows the body to focus its energy on fighting the infection and promoting healing. Adequate rest helps reduce the workload on the lungs, promotes oxygenation, and supports the immune system's response to combat the infection. It is essential to prioritize rest to facilitate a faster recovery and prevent complications in children with pneumonia.

4. A mother of a 6-year-old actively playing child, diagnosed with type 1 diabetes mellitus a year ago, calls a clinic nurse and reports that the child has been sick. She checked the child's urine, which was positive for ketones. What should the nurse instruct the mother to do?

• A. Administer an additional dose of regular insulin
• B. Come to the clinic immediately
• C. Encourage the child to drink liquids
• D. Hold the next dose of insulin

Correct answer: C

Rationale: Encouraging the child to drink liquids is essential in managing ketones in urine. Increased fluid intake can help prevent dehydration and aid in flushing out ketones, which is crucial in managing diabetic ketoacidosis, a serious complication of uncontrolled diabetes.

5. Serwaa, a 26-year-old mother has brought her daughter to the OPD with signs of lower respiratory tract infections. The following are the diagnoses that can be given to the daughter except:

• A. Pneumonia
• B. Asthma
• C. Bronchiolitis
• D. Coryza

Correct answer: D

Rationale: Coryza, also known as the common cold, primarily affects the upper respiratory tract and is not typically associated with lower respiratory tract infections. Pneumonia, asthma, and bronchiolitis are conditions that can manifest as lower respiratory tract infections.

Similar Questions