ATI LPN
ATI Pediatrics Proctored Exam 2023 with NGN
1. When discussing heart conditions, a healthcare provider explains a condition in which the lungs retain extra fluid due to left ventricular impairment. What is this condition?
- A. Whooping cough
- B. Pneumonia
- C. Asthma
- D. Pulmonary edema
Correct answer: D
Rationale: Pulmonary edema is the correct answer. It is a condition characterized by the retention of extra fluid in the lungs, often due to left ventricular impairment. This fluid buildup can lead to symptoms such as shortness of breath, coughing, and difficulty breathing. Whooping cough (Choice A), pneumonia (Choice B), and asthma (Choice C) are not conditions related to the retention of fluid in the lungs due to left ventricular impairment. Whooping cough is a bacterial respiratory infection, pneumonia is an infection that inflames the air sacs in one or both lungs, and asthma is a chronic respiratory condition characterized by airway inflammation and constriction.
2. What percentage of total body surface area has been burned in a 5-year-old child who experienced partial-thickness burns to his head, anterior chest, and both upper extremities?
- A. 45%
- B. 63%
- C. 72%
- D. 54%
Correct answer: A
Rationale: According to the pediatric rule of nines, the head and neck represent 18%, the anterior chest and abdomen 18%, and each arm 9%. By adding these percentages (18% + 18% + 9% + 9% = 45%), we find that 45% of the total body surface area has been burned in this child.
3. What is the appropriate amount of fluid to be administered per hour using an infusion pump?
- A. 108.3mL
- B. 68.75mL
- C. 58.3mL
- D. 1400mL
Correct answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is 108.3mL. This amount is calculated based on the total daily fluid requirement, ensuring a consistent infusion rate over the hour.
4. Physical abuse of a 4-year-old child should be suspected if you observe:
- A. purple and yellow bruises on the thighs.
- B. bruises on the anterior tibial area.
- C. the child clinging to his or her parent.
- D. curious siblings watching you.
Correct answer: A
Rationale: Purple and yellow bruises on protected areas like the thighs are concerning as they indicate bruises in various stages of healing, which is a red flag for physical abuse. Bruises on the anterior tibial area or a child clinging to a parent are not specific signs of physical abuse. Siblings watching you is unrelated to the suspicion of physical abuse in this scenario.
5. A new parent is concerned because their newborn's stools are loose and yellow. The healthcare provider should explain that this is:
- A. A sign of dehydration
- B. A normal finding in breastfed infants
- C. Indicative of an infection
- D. Due to lactose intolerance
Correct answer: B
Rationale: Loose, yellow stools are a normal finding in breastfed infants. Breastfed infants often have loose, yellow stools due to the composition of breast milk. It is not typically a sign of dehydration, infection, or lactose intolerance in this context.
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