ATI LPN
Gerontology Nursing Questions And Answers PDF
1. Which of the following is a matter of public, not private, law?
- A. Wrongful acts against another party
- B. Invasion of a patient's privacy
- C. Assault and battery on a patient
- D. Licensing of a home health agency
Correct answer: D
Rationale: The correct answer is D, 'Licensing of a home health agency.' Public law governs relationships between private parties and the government, such as licensing requirements for entities like home health agencies. Choices A, B, and C involve private law, which governs relationships between individuals and organizations. These choices pertain to wrongful acts against another party, invasion of privacy, and assault and battery, respectively.
2. A client has a new prescription for phenytoin. Which of the following instructions should the nurse include?
- A. Take the medication with a full glass of water.
- B. Avoid consuming dairy products.
- C. Take the medication on an empty stomach.
- D. Expect a metallic taste in your mouth.
Correct answer: B
Rationale: The correct instruction for a client prescribed phenytoin is to avoid consuming dairy products. Dairy products can reduce the absorption of phenytoin. Taking the medication with a full glass of water (Choice A) is generally a good practice for oral medications but is not specifically required for phenytoin. Taking the medication on an empty stomach (Choice C) can lead to gastrointestinal upset, so it is not recommended for phenytoin. Expecting a metallic taste in the mouth (Choice D) is a possible side effect of phenytoin but is not a crucial instruction for the client to follow.
3. A nurse is performing a cultural assessment of a group of clients to maintain respect for their value systems and beliefs. Which of the following should the nurse identify as examples of cultural variables?
- A. Eye contact
- B. Personal space
- C. Touch
- D. All of the above
Correct answer: D
Rationale: In a cultural assessment, it is essential to consider various cultural variables that can impact communication and interactions. Eye contact, personal space, and touch are examples of cultural variables that can vary among different cultural groups. These variables influence how individuals perceive and engage in communication. Understanding and respecting these differences are crucial for effective and culturally sensitive care. Therefore, the correct answer is 'All of the above.' Choices A, B, and C are incorrect because each of them represents a cultural variable that should be considered during a cultural assessment.
4. A nurse is preparing to administer TPN with added fat supplements to a client who has malnutrition. Which of the following actions should the nurse take?
- A. Administer the TPN solution separately from 0.9% sodium chloride
- B. Check for an allergy to eggs
- C. Discuss the TPN solution with the client
- D. Monitor for hypoglycemia
Correct answer: B
Rationale: The correct action for the nurse to take when preparing to administer TPN with fat supplements is to check for an allergy to eggs. The lipid emulsion in TPN often contains egg phospholipids, so screening for egg allergies is crucial to prevent any adverse reactions. Option A is incorrect because TPN should not be piggybacked with 0.9% sodium chloride to avoid any interactions or dilution of the TPN solution. Option C is incorrect as discussing the TPN solution with the client is not the priority when preparing to administer it. Option D is incorrect as monitoring for hypoglycemia, although important in TPN administration, is not specifically related to the addition of fat supplements.
5. A client with hepatic encephalopathy is being educated about their diet by a nurse. Which of the following food selections indicates that the client understands the teaching?
- A. A sandwich and a milkshake
- B. Rice with black beans
- C. Cottage cheese and tuna on lettuce
- D. A three-egg omelet with low-sodium ham
Correct answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B: Rice with black beans. Clients with hepatic encephalopathy should limit protein intake to prevent the buildup of ammonia. Plant-based proteins are preferred over animal-based proteins in this condition. Rice with black beans provides a good balance of nutrients and is a suitable choice for a client with hepatic encephalopathy. Choices A, C, and D are incorrect because they contain animal-based proteins, which should be limited in clients with hepatic encephalopathy.
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