ATI LPN
ATI Comprehensive Predictor PN
1. What is the most important step when preparing to administer a blood transfusion?
- A. Check if the client has a fever
- B. Ensure the blood type is compatible with the client
- C. Administer the blood via IV push
- D. Ensure the blood is warmed to body temperature
Correct answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B: Ensure the blood type is compatible with the client. This is the most crucial step in preparing for a blood transfusion to prevent severe transfusion reactions. Checking the client for a fever (Choice A) is important but not the most critical step. Administering blood via IV push (Choice C) is incorrect as blood transfusions are usually administered as a slow drip. Warming the blood to body temperature (Choice D) is not a standard practice and can lead to hemolysis, making it an incorrect choice.
2. What are key signs of fluid overload?
- A. Edema
- B. Hypertension
- C. Shortness of breath
- D. All of the above
Correct answer: D
Rationale: The correct answer is 'D: All of the above.' Edema, hypertension, and shortness of breath are key signs of fluid overload, particularly common in patients with heart failure. Edema refers to the swelling caused by excess fluid trapped in the body's tissues, hypertension can be a result of fluid volume overload, and shortness of breath can occur due to fluid accumulation in the lungs. Therefore, all these signs collectively indicate fluid overload in a patient. Choices A, B, and C are incorrect individually as each alone may not necessarily indicate fluid overload, but when seen together, they strongly suggest fluid volume excess in the body.
3. To prevent diarrhea in children, a vaccine is available against which of the following?
- A. Adenovirus
- B. Rotavirus
- C. Enterovirus
- D. All of the above
Correct answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B - Rotavirus. Rotavirus vaccine is available to prevent diarrhea in children. Rotavirus is a common cause of severe diarrhea in infants and young children globally, and vaccination has been shown to be effective in reducing the burden of this disease. Choices A and C are incorrect because there is no specific vaccine available for Adenovirus or Enterovirus to prevent diarrhea in children. Choice D is incorrect because while vaccines are available for some viruses that can cause diarrhea in children, not all mentioned in the choices have a specific vaccine available.
4. Which patient would be appropriately transferred to an assisted living facility?
- A. The patient requiring ongoing skilled nursing observation
- B. The patient who has recovered enough to return to work and daily life
- C. The child who was burned in a fire after losing both parents to the tragedy
- D. The patient who needs minimal assistance in performing activities of daily living but cannot live alone
Correct answer: D
Rationale: The correct answer is D. Patients suitable for transfer to assisted living facilities are those who require minimal assistance with activities of daily living but do not need constant skilled nursing observation. Option D aligns with the purpose of an assisted living facility, which provides support for individuals who can no longer live independently but do not require intensive medical care. Choices A, B, and C are incorrect because patients requiring ongoing skilled nursing observation, those who have recovered enough to return to work and daily life, and children who have experienced a traumatic event such as a fire are not typically candidates for assisted living facilities.
5. The primary responsibility for nutrition care of people in the community belongs to the:
- A. community physician.
- B. public health nurse.
- C. public health nutritionist.
- D. registered dietitian.
Correct answer: C
Rationale: Public health nutritionists work within communities to ensure that populations have access to nutritional resources. They focus on promoting good nutrition, developing programs, and educating the public about healthy eating habits. While community physicians, public health nurses, and registered dietitians may also play roles in promoting nutrition in the community, the primary responsibility for nutrition care typically falls under the purview of public health nutritionists.
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