Nursing Elites

1. The nurse is caring for a patient who has just received a cancer diagnosis. The patient is crying. The nurse recognizes this patient is operating on what level of Maslow's hierarchy of needs?

• A. Self-esteem
• B. Love and belonging
• C. Safety
• D. Self-actualization

Correct answer: C

Rationale: In Maslow's hierarchy of needs, safety needs come after physiological needs. When a patient is crying after receiving a cancer diagnosis, they may be feeling a lack of security and safety. This indicates that the patient is operating on the level of safety needs in Maslow's hierarchy. Choice A, self-esteem, focuses on confidence and respect, which is not the immediate concern when receiving a cancer diagnosis. Choice B, love and belonging, pertains to relationships and social connections, which are important but not the primary focus in this situation. Choice D, self-actualization, involves personal growth and fulfilling one's potential, which is a higher-level need compared to safety needs, making it less likely for a patient to be operating at this level when distressed by a cancer diagnosis.

2. When the domain .edu is noted during the search for the term informatics, what should the individual determine about the site's affiliation?

• A. It's an internet service provider
• B. It's a commercial site
• C. It's a government agency
• D. It's an educational institution

Correct answer: D

Rationale: When a domain ends in .edu, it indicates that the site belongs to an educational institution. Therefore, if a user searching for the term informatics comes across a domain with .edu, it is likely an academic resource related to the field of informatics. Choice A, an internet service provider, is incorrect because the .edu domain is specifically reserved for educational institutions. Choice B, a commercial site, is incorrect as commercial sites typically use domains like .com. Choice C, a government agency, is incorrect as government agencies usually have domains ending in .gov.

3. In an underdeveloped country, the nurse observes the natives lighting ritual fires and pounding on primitive drums around the sick person to promote recovery. The nurse interprets this behavior as indicating the natives believe illness results from which items?

• A. Pathogens and genetics
• B. Evil spirits
• C. Tides and planets
• D. Plants and animals

Correct answer: B

Rationale: The behavior of lighting fires and pounding on drums to promote recovery suggests a belief in evil spirits causing illness. In many cultures, rituals like these are performed to ward off evil spirits or negative energies that are thought to be the cause of sickness. Choices A, C, and D are incorrect as the described behavior aligns more with spiritual or supernatural beliefs rather than scientific explanations related to pathogens, genetics, tides, planets, plants, or animals.

4. What does valuing respect for the individual as defining high-quality patient care describe about the nurse's approach to patient care?

• A. Critical thinking
• B. Caritas
• C. Paradigm
• D. Hierarchy of needs

Correct answer: C

Rationale: Valuing respect for the individual as defining high-quality patient care describes the nurse's paradigm, which is the overall way of thinking and approaching patient care that guides their actions and decisions. It reflects their fundamental beliefs and values regarding patient interactions and care delivery. Critical thinking involves analyzing information objectively and evaluating situations to make informed decisions. Caritas refers to acts of loving kindness and compassionate care in nursing practice. The hierarchy of needs is a theory that describes the hierarchical nature of human needs, such as physiological needs, safety needs, and social needs.

5. When caring for a patient who just received a terminal diagnosis and is tearful and frightened, what is the best action to demonstrate caring?

• A. Call the patient's spiritual leader to talk to the patient.
• B. Call the patient's family and ask them to come sit with the patient.
• C. Cry with the patient while sympathizing with their situation.
• D. Sit with the patient and listen to their fears.

Correct answer: D

Rationale: In situations where a patient receives a terminal diagnosis and is emotionally distressed, it is essential to provide empathy and support. Sitting with the patient and actively listening to their fears allows the patient to express their emotions and concerns. This action demonstrates genuine care and compassion, showing the patient that their feelings are acknowledged and valued. It creates a therapeutic environment that fosters trust and emotional well-being, helping the patient cope with the distressing news. Calling the patient's spiritual leader (Choice A) may not address the immediate emotional needs of the patient. Calling the patient's family (Choice B) can be comforting but might not directly address the patient's fears. Crying with the patient (Choice C) can blur professional boundaries and may not be as beneficial as actively listening and providing support.

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