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Gerontology Nursing Questions And Answers PDF
1. Nurse B arrives for his regular night shift at a care facility for the aged. Due to a family emergency, he has only slept for 3 hours since his last shift. One of Nurse B's aides calls in sick, and there is no one available to replace the aide that night. With no help accessible, Nurse B lifts an obese patient from a wheelchair into a bed alone. Short on time and assistance, Nurse B decides to forgo the patient's evening bath. Legally, what does Nurse B most likely face?
- A. Little risk of liability because he is doing his best under difficult circumstances
- B. Immediate termination for dereliction of duty
- C. Liability if a pattern of negligence is identified in his performance evaluation
- D. A high risk of liability for his actions
Correct answer: D
Rationale: In this scenario, Nurse B faces a high risk of liability for his actions due to several factors. Working with insufficient resources, failing to adhere to policies and procedures, taking shortcuts, and working while highly stressed are all situations that increase the risk of liability. Nurse B's decision to lift an obese patient without assistance and skip the patient's evening bath due to time constraints and lack of help are clear examples of actions that can lead to legal consequences. Choices A, B, and C are incorrect because the circumstances described in the scenario indicate a higher likelihood of liability due to the factors mentioned above.
2. A discharge planning nurse works with a wide variety of families when organizing care for older adults after their discharge from the hospital. Which of the following relationship structures would the nurse consider to be a family? Select all that apply.
- A. Mr. E and his partner, Mr. S, who live together in an apartment
- B. Mr. R and his new 'lady friend,' who began cohabiting 2 months ago
- C. Mrs. B and her daughter, son-in-law, and widowed sister, all of whom share a house
- D. Mr. R, who is estranged from his children and has lived with his brother, a bachelor, for several years
Correct answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A. While not traditional nuclear family structures, all of the given relationships and living arrangements constitute family units. Mr. E and his partner, Mr. S, who live together in an apartment, form a family unit. Choice B is not considered a family as it describes a relatively new and non-committal relationship. Choice C describes a traditional family structure with Mrs. B, her daughter, son-in-law, and widowed sister sharing a house, which also constitutes a family unit. Choice D describes a situation where Mr. R is estranged from his children and living with his bachelor brother, which can also be considered a family unit but is not as inclusive as the relationship described in choice A.
3. What is the most important advantage of an advance directive?
- A. Such a directive indicates how medical decisions are to be made in case a patient is unable to communicate their wishes.
- B. It spares the family the burden of making significant decisions for a patient regarding terminal care.
- C. It ensures that a person's property is distributed according to their wishes after death, avoiding legal complications.
- D. It allows individuals to appoint a guardian for themselves in case of incapacity, without involving the court system.
Correct answer: B
Rationale: An advance directive, or living will, is a legal document that specifies an individual's preferences for medical treatment if they are unable to communicate their wishes. The most important advantage of an advance directive is that it spares the family from having to make challenging decisions about terminal care on behalf of the patient. Choice A is incorrect because advance directives pertain to healthcare decisions, not property matters. Choice C is incorrect as it refers to a will for property distribution, which is a different legal document. Choice D is incorrect as advance directives are not related to appointing guardians but rather focus on healthcare decision-making.
4. A nurse who works in an inner-city clinic provides care for a large number of older black clients. Which health promotion activity best reflects the specific health needs of this population?
- A. A blood sugar and blood pressure monitoring program
- B. An education session on the positive health effects of good nutrition
- C. A screening mammography campaign for older black women
- D. A program that teaches black men the importance of prostate health screening
Correct answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A. Diabetes and hypertension are prevalent among older black adults. Regular blood sugar and blood pressure monitoring are crucial in managing these conditions. While education on good nutrition, screening mammography, and prostate health screening are important health promotion activities, they do not directly address the specific health needs of this population. Therefore, a blood sugar and blood pressure monitoring program would best reflect the health needs of the older black clients in this inner-city clinic.
5. Nurse M obtains a signature on an informed consent form from Mr. Y, who is later shown to have a fluctuating level of mental competency. In this case, what is Nurse M's most likely legal position?
- A. Freedom from liability because Mr. Y signed the form
- B. Possibly liable for a violation of Mr. Y's rights
- C. Liable unless a malpractice insurance policy is in effect
- D. Not liable because no family member had a durable power of attorney
Correct answer: B
Rationale: An informed consent may be considered invalid if the patient does not fully understand what he or she is signing. Patients with a fluctuating level of mental function are incapable of granting legally sound consent. Nurse M could be held liable for a violation of Mr. Y's rights as he did not have the capacity to provide informed consent. The presence of an insurance policy and the legal status of family members are irrelevant in this context and do not absolve Nurse M of potential liability.
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