ATI LPN
Gerontology Nursing Questions And Answers PDF
1. In which of the following situations would the use of physical restraints most likely be justified?
- A. Mr. Y is agitated and aggressive while experiencing severe alcohol withdrawal and is not responding to chemical sedation.
- B. Mrs. U, diagnosed with dementia, was found wandering outside the hospital, and nurses have been unable to redirect her to stay on the unit.
- C. Mr. I is delirious during the acute stage of his urinary tract infection and is ringing the call bell nearly continuously.
- D. Mrs. T is frequently entering other patients' rooms and attempting to crawl into others' beds.
Correct answer: A
Rationale: Answer A is the correct choice because it describes a situation where the client poses a risk due to agitation and aggression during severe alcohol withdrawal, and chemical sedation has not been effective. In such cases, physical restraints may be justified as a last resort to ensure the safety of the client and others. Choices B, C, and D present scenarios where alternative strategies like redirection, addressing delirium, or implementing behavioral interventions should be attempted before considering physical restraints.
2. A nurse is caring for a client who has a new diagnosis of tuberculosis (TB). The client has a productive cough and is started on airborne precautions. Which of the following interventions should the nurse implement?
- A. Wear an N95 respirator mask when caring for the client.
- B. Place the client in a semi-private room.
- C. Have the client wear a surgical mask during meals.
- D. Use a negative pressure air filtration system.
Correct answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is to wear an N95 respirator mask when caring for the client with TB. This is crucial to prevent the nurse from inhaling the airborne particles that spread the infection. Choice B is incorrect because placing the client in a semi-private room does not address the protection of the nurse. Choice C is incorrect as having the client wear a surgical mask during meals is not sufficient to protect the nurse during all interactions. Choice D is incorrect as using a negative pressure air filtration system is more applicable to airborne infection isolation rooms in healthcare settings and not a standard intervention for nurses caring for a single client with TB.
3. A school nurse is providing care for students in an elementary education facility. What intervention by the nurse addresses the primary level of prevention?
- A. Monitor for signs of illness.
- B. Teach students about healthy food choices.
- C. Administer medication to students with chronic conditions.
- D. Monitor immunization compliance.
Correct answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B: Teach students about healthy food choices. Teaching healthy habits like proper nutrition is an example of primary prevention because it aims to prevent disease before it occurs. Choice A, monitoring for signs of illness, is more related to secondary prevention (early detection and treatment). Choice C, administering medication to students with chronic conditions, is a form of tertiary prevention (managing existing conditions to prevent complications). Choice D, monitoring immunization compliance, is also a form of primary prevention but focuses on preventing specific infectious diseases through immunization rather than general health promotion.
4. A client just received the first dose of lisinopril. Which of the following is an appropriate nursing intervention?
- A. Place the client on cardiac monitoring
- B. Monitor the client's oxygen saturation level
- C. Provide standby assistance when getting out of bed
- D. Encourage foods high in potassium
Correct answer: C
Rationale: The correct answer is to provide standby assistance when getting out of bed. Lisinopril can cause first-dose hypotension, leading to dizziness and increasing the risk of falls. Standby assistance helps ensure the client's safety when mobilizing. Placing the client on cardiac monitoring (choice A) is not necessary unless there are specific indications for cardiac monitoring. Monitoring oxygen saturation (choice B) is not directly related to the side effects of lisinopril. Encouraging foods high in potassium (choice D) is not the most immediate or appropriate intervention following the administration of lisinopril.
5. A nurse is caring for a client who is 1 hr postoperative following rhinoplasty. Which of the following manifestations requires immediate action by the nurse?
- A. Increase in frequency of swallowing.
- B. Moderate sanguineous drainage on the drip pad.
- C. Bruising to the face.
- D. Absent gag reflex.
Correct answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A: Increase in frequency of swallowing. After rhinoplasty, an increase in frequency of swallowing may indicate possible bleeding, which requires immediate action by the nurse. The client could be experiencing postoperative bleeding, and prompt intervention is necessary to prevent complications. Choice B, moderate sanguineous drainage on the drip pad, is expected in the immediate postoperative period and does not require immediate action unless it becomes excessive. Choice C, bruising to the face, is a common postoperative finding and does not require immediate action unless it is excessive or affects the airway. Choice D, absent gag reflex, would not be expected immediately following rhinoplasty and would require intervention, but the manifestation of increased swallowing frequency is a higher priority due to its association with potential bleeding.
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