a nurse is providing education to a patient taking clozapine which statement indicates the patient understands the side effects
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Nursing Elites

ATI LPN

ATI Mental Health Practice A 2023

1. A patient is receiving education about taking clozapine. Which statement indicates the patient understands the side effects?

Correct answer: A

Rationale: The correct answer is A because patients taking clozapine should report signs of infection immediately due to the risk of agranulocytosis. Agranulocytosis is a potentially life-threatening side effect of clozapine characterized by a significant decrease in white blood cell count, which can leave the patient vulnerable to infections. Reporting signs of infection promptly is crucial to prevent serious complications.

2. Which assessment question, when asked by the nurse, demonstrates an understanding of comorbid mental health conditions associated with major depressive disorder?

Correct answer: B

Rationale: The correct answer is B. Inquiring about anxiety management demonstrates an understanding of the common comorbid condition of anxiety often seen alongside major depressive disorder. Anxiety and depression frequently coexist, and addressing anxiety management can provide insights into the patient's overall mental health status. Choices A, C, and D are incorrect because they do not directly address comorbid mental health conditions associated with major depressive disorder.

3. What assessment findings would indicate lithium toxicity in a patient hospitalized for an acute manic episode?

Correct answer: B

Rationale: In a patient suspected of lithium toxicity, the presence of ataxia, severe hypotension, and a large volume of dilute urine are key assessment findings. Ataxia is a sign of central nervous system involvement, severe hypotension indicates cardiovascular effects, and a large volume of dilute urine suggests renal impairment, all of which are commonly seen in severe lithium toxicity. Options A, C, and D do not align with typical signs of lithium toxicity.

4. James is a 42-year-old patient with schizophrenia. He approaches you as you arrive for the day shift and anxiously reports, ‘Last night, demons came to my room and tried to rape me.’ Which response would be most therapeutic?

Correct answer: C

Rationale: Choice C is the most therapeutic response as it acknowledges the patient’s feelings, shows empathy, and encourages further expression of his experiences. By actively listening and inviting the patient to share more details, the healthcare provider provides a supportive environment that can help the patient feel understood and validated. Option A dismisses the patient's experience and can make him feel unheard. Option B denies the patient's reality and can increase his distress. Option D, while offering reassurance, does not address the patient's emotional state or encourage further communication.

5. What is the primary goal of exposure therapy for a patient with specific phobia?

Correct answer: C

Rationale: The primary goal of exposure therapy for a patient with a specific phobia is to help them confront their fear gradually, leading to a reduction in their fear response over time. This gradual exposure helps the individual learn to manage and cope with their phobia, ultimately reducing the intensity of their fear reactions. Choice A is incorrect because while the goal is to reduce the fear response, complete elimination may not always be feasible. Choice B is incorrect as the focus is not solely on increasing exposure but on gradual confrontation. Choice D is incorrect as the therapy aims for long-term reduction rather than immediate relief.

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