ATI LPN
ATI PN Comprehensive Predictor 2024
1. A client with hypothyroidism may present with which of the following findings?
- A. Weight gain
- B. Hair loss
- C. Dry skin
- D. Diarrhea
Correct answer: C
Rationale: Dry skin is a common manifestation of hypothyroidism due to decreased thyroid hormone levels, leading to reduced sweating and oil production. Weight gain may occur due to a slowed metabolism, not diarrhea, as hypothyroidism is more commonly associated with constipation. Hair loss is typically associated with hyperthyroidism, not hypothyroidism.
2. A nurse is caring for a client with deep vein thrombosis (DVT). Which of the following interventions should the nurse include in the plan of care?
- A. Position the client with the affected leg below the heart
- B. Massage the affected extremity every 4 hours
- C. Apply cold compresses to the affected extremity
- D. Elevate the affected leg while in bed
Correct answer: D
Rationale: The correct answer is to elevate the affected leg while in bed. Elevating the leg helps reduce swelling and promotes venous return, aiding in the management of DVT. Positioning the affected leg below the heart can worsen the condition by increasing the risk of clot dislodgment. Massaging the affected extremity can also dislodge the clot and should be avoided. Cold compresses are not recommended as they can cause vasoconstriction, potentially worsening the condition.
3. A client with asthma and a new prescription for an ipratropium inhaler is being taught by a nurse. Which statement by the client indicates an understanding of the teaching?
- A. I will rinse my mouth after each use
- B. I should wait 5 minutes before taking a second puff
- C. I should take this medication when I wake up
- D. I should wait 1 minute before taking a second puff
Correct answer: D
Rationale: The correct answer is D because waiting 1 minute between puffs ensures proper absorption of the medication. Choice A is incorrect as rinsing the mouth is not a specific instruction related to using the inhaler. Choice B is incorrect as waiting 5 minutes between puffs is longer than necessary. Choice C is incorrect as the timing of medication administration is not specified in the question.
4. A client is prescribed simvastatin. Which instruction should the nurse provide during teaching?
- A. Take this medication in the morning.
- B. Avoid drinking grapefruit juice.
- C. Increase your intake of leafy green vegetables.
- D. Monitor your pulse daily while taking this medication.
Correct answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B: 'Avoid drinking grapefruit juice.' Grapefruit juice can increase the risk of toxicity when taken with simvastatin. Instructing the client to avoid grapefruit juice helps prevent this interaction. Choice A is incorrect because the timing of medication administration for simvastatin is usually in the evening. Choice C is unrelated to simvastatin therapy. Choice D is not necessary for monitoring while taking simvastatin.
5. What action should the healthcare provider take for a patient with a chest tube?
- A. Strip the drainage tubing every 4 hours.
- B. Keep the drainage system below the level of the patient's chest.
- C. Clamp the chest tube when ambulating the patient.
- D. Ensure the water seal chamber is filled to the prescribed level.
Correct answer: D
Rationale: Ensuring the water seal chamber is filled to the prescribed level is essential for the chest tube's effective functioning. This maintains the integrity of the system, prevents air from entering the pleural space, and facilitates proper drainage. Stripping the drainage tubing, keeping the drainage system below the chest level, or clamping the chest tube during ambulation are not recommended practices and can lead to complications.
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