Nursing Elites

1. A client has a new prescription for disulfiram for the treatment of alcohol use disorder. The nurse informs the client that this medication can cause nausea and vomiting when alcohol is consumed. Which of the following types of treatment is this method an example of?

• A. Aversion therapy
• B. Flooding
• C. Biofeedback
• D. Dialectical behavior therapy

Correct answer: A

Rationale: Aversion therapy is a form of behavioral therapy that aims to create a negative response to a stimulus, in this case, alcohol consumption. Disulfiram is used in aversion therapy to induce unpleasant effects when alcohol is consumed, such as nausea and vomiting, to deter the individual from drinking. Therefore, the use of disulfiram in this context exemplifies aversion therapy. Flooding involves exposing an individual to a feared object or situation to overcome anxiety; biofeedback teaches self-regulation techniques, and dialectical behavior therapy is a type of cognitive-behavioral therapy focusing on acceptance and change strategies, which are not directly related to the use of disulfiram for alcohol use disorder.

2. A 33-year-old female diagnosed with bipolar I disorder has been functioning well on lithium for 11 months. At her most recent checkup, the psychiatric nurse practitioner states, 'You are ready to enter the maintenance therapy stage, so at this time I am going to adjust your dosage by prescribing:'

• A. A higher dosage
• B. Once-a-week dosing
• C. A lower dosage
• D. A different drug

Correct answer: C

Rationale: In the maintenance therapy stage for bipolar disorder, a lower dosage of lithium is often prescribed to prevent toxicity and maintain stability while minimizing side effects. Lower doses are typically used once the patient has achieved mood stabilization to reduce the risk of adverse effects associated with long-term lithium use.

3. Which assessment question will provide information regarding the effects of a woman’s circadian rhythms on her quality of life?

• A. How much sleep do you usually get each night?
• B. Does your heart ever seem to skip a beat?
• C. When was the last time you had a fever?
• D. Do you have problems urinating?

Correct answer: A

Rationale: The correct answer is A: 'How much sleep do you usually get each night?' Asking about sleep patterns is essential to understand the impact of circadian rhythms on an individual's quality of life. Adequate sleep is closely linked to circadian rhythms, and disturbances in sleep patterns can significantly affect a person's well-being and daily functioning. Choices B, C, and D are not directly related to circadian rhythms and would not provide information specifically about how circadian rhythms affect quality of life.

4. A healthcare professional is assessing a patient with bipolar disorder. Which finding suggests the patient is experiencing a manic episode?

• A. Decreased need for sleep
• B. Feelings of worthlessness
• C. Increased need for sleep
• D. Avoidance of social interactions

Correct answer: A

Rationale: During a manic episode in patients with bipolar disorder, they often experience a decreased need for sleep. This symptom is characterized by feeling rested after only a few hours of sleep, or even feeling like they can go without sleep for extended periods without feeling tired. The increased energy levels and racing thoughts during a manic episode contribute to the decreased need for sleep.

5. When developing a care plan for a patient with borderline personality disorder, which intervention should be included to address self-harm behaviors?

• A. Encouraging the patient to keep a journal of their thoughts and feelings.
• B. Setting clear and consistent boundaries with the patient.
• C. Providing the patient with coping skills to manage their emotions.
• D. Developing a safety plan with the patient.

Correct answer: D

Rationale: Developing a safety plan with the patient is crucial when addressing self-harm behaviors in individuals with borderline personality disorder. This intervention helps outline steps to take during a crisis, identifies triggers, and provides strategies to prevent self-harm incidents. It involves collaboratively creating a plan between the patient and the healthcare team to ensure a structured and supportive approach to managing potentially dangerous situations.

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