Nursing Elites

1. A child is being admitted to the hospital for probable pneumonia. The nurse asks what the parents have done at home for this illness. The parent comments that they have given the child a tea made up of herbs that a neighbor recommended. The parents ask if that is a safe thing to do. The most appropriate response for the nurse is:

• A. Sure, if it doesn't make the child worse, it could help.
• B. Of course, teas are rarely harmful.
• C. It might be safe for adults, but research might not have been conducted on the effects on children.
• D. Absolutely not, herbal teas are not appropriate for children.

Correct answer: C

Rationale: The most appropriate response is C: 'It might be safe for adults, but research might not have been conducted on the effects on children.' This response acknowledges the potential differences in the effects of herbal teas on adults versus children and highlights the importance of considering the lack of specific research on this topic when it comes to pediatric care. Choice A is incorrect because assuming something is safe without evidence can be risky in a pediatric setting. Choice B is also incorrect as it oversimplifies the safety of herbal teas. Choice D is too definitive and does not consider the possibility that herbal teas might have different effects on children than on adults.

2. A 2-year-old client is admitted for an acute asthma episode. The hospital provides family-centered care. In explaining the program to the parents, the nurse would explain that the parents are:

• A. Required to implement all personal hygiene care for their child.
• B. Encouraged to be as involved with the child's care as they are comfortable being.
• C. Requested to administer all oral medications.
• D. Expected to be present at the child's bedside.

Correct answer: B

Rationale: Family-centered care involves encouraging parents to actively participate in their child's care based on their comfort level. This approach promotes collaboration between healthcare providers and families, enhancing the quality of care and ensuring the family's involvement in decision-making. Choice A is incorrect because parents are encouraged to participate, not required to implement all personal hygiene care. Choice C is incorrect as it implies a specific action rather than the broader concept of involvement. Choice D is incorrect as it focuses solely on physical presence rather than active participation in care.

3. A 7-year-old child named Kanjaga exhibits symptoms like fatigue, slow heart rate, dry skin, slower growth, and delayed puberty. Which of the following is the appropriate diagnosis for this deficiency that slows body processes?

• A. Diabetes
• B. Hypothyroidism
• C. Growth hormone deficiency
• D. Stunted growth

Correct answer: B

Rationale: The appropriate diagnosis for the symptoms described in Kanjaga, a 7-year-old child, is hypothyroidism. Hypothyroidism can lead to symptoms such as fatigue, slow heart rate, dry skin, slower growth, and delayed puberty in children.

4. A new mother asks the nurse when she should begin to breastfeed her newborn. The nurse's best response is:

• A. Within the first half-hour after birth
• B. After the newborn's first bath
• C. When the newborn begins to cry
• D. After administering vitamin K

Correct answer: A

Rationale: Initiating breastfeeding within the first half-hour after birth is crucial for successful breastfeeding and bonding, as recommended by the World Health Organization. This early initiation helps establish breastfeeding and supports the newborn's health by providing colostrum, the nutrient-rich first milk. Choice B, 'After the newborn's first bath,' is incorrect because initiating breastfeeding should not be delayed after birth. Choice C, 'When the newborn begins to cry,' is incorrect as it does not promote timely initiation of breastfeeding. Choice D, 'After administering vitamin K,' is incorrect because breastfeeding initiation should not be delayed for this procedure.

5. When managing Kofi, a 3-year-old who is on admission and being managed for pneumonia, the nurse has just administered ibuprofen to a child with a temperature of 38.8°C. The nurse should also take which action?

• A. Plan to administer salicylate (aspirin) in 4 hours
• B. Remove excess clothing and blankets from the child
• C. Sponge the child with cold water
• D. Withhold oral fluids for 8 hours

Correct answer: B

Rationale: Removing excess clothing and blankets helps to promote heat loss and reduce fever. This intervention, along with the administration of antipyretics like ibuprofen, can aid in lowering the child's temperature and improving comfort during fever episodes.

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